Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166463
Title: Dormansi Benih Melon (Cucumis melo L.): Penyebab, Tipe, dan Aplikasi Plasma untuk Pematahan Dormansi
Other Titles: Seed Dormancy of Melon Seeds (Cucumis melo L.): Causes, Types, and Plasma Treatment in Breaking Dormancy
Authors: Suhartanto, M. Rahmad
Purwanto, Yohanes Aris
Setyowati, Nur Farida
Issue Date: 2025
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Benih melon baru panen mengalami dormansi dan hanya mampu berkecambah kurang dari 45%. Plasma adalah gas terionisasi yang menghasilkan spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) dan spesies nitrogen reaktif (RNS), yang dapat meningkatkan imbibisi benih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan tipe dormansi benih melon dan pemanfataan plasma untuk pematahan dormansi. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan pertama menentukan penyebab dormansi benih melon dengan mengamati perubahan fisiologis dan hormon selama 10 minggu, serta mengupas testa dan tegmen yang menghambat imbibisi benih pada benih dorman umur simpan 7 minggu. Lot benih yang telah disimpan diuji perkecambahannya serta dilakukan analisis hormon ABA dan GA setiap minggu. Percobaan kedua perlakuan plasma pada benih melon (umur simpan 0 minggu) yaitu aplikasi plasma 100 volt 120 detik, 150 volt 120 detik, 225 volt 120 detik, benih dilembabkan 1 jam + plasma 100 volt 120 detik, benih dilembabkan 1 jam + plasma 150 volt 120 detik, benih dilembabkan 1 jam + plasma 225 volt 120 detik. Percobaan tambahan dilakukan dengan perlakuan plasma dengan optimasi waktu perendaman benih (umur simpan 4 minggu) dalam air selama (2, 4, 6) jam dengan voltase 225 volt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode penyimpanan 0-10 minggu terjadi fluktuasi kandungan hormon giberelin (GA), asam absisat (ABA) dan daya berkecambah (DB). Pengupasan testa dan tegmen dapat meningkatkan daya berkecambah menjadi 89%. Konsentrasi hormon GA pada benih yang telah diberi perlakuan plasma lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan benih tanpa perlakuan, namun belum mampu meningkatkan daya berkecambah. Optimasi waktu perendaman benih dalam air selama 2 jam sebelum pemaparan plasma mampu meningkatkan daya berkecambah. Benih melon masih memiliki dormansi hingga 10 minggu dan memiliki dormansi fisik yang lebih dominan dibandingkan dormansi fisiologis. Pematahan dormansi pada perlakuan plasma 225 volt dengan perendaman benih selama maksimum 2 jam sebelum pemaparan plasma dapat mematahkan dormansi benih melon dengan daya berkecambah 83.5%.
Freshly harvested melon seeds exhibit dormancy and germinate at a rate of less than 45%. Plasma, an ionized gas, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which can enhance seed imbibition. This study aimed to determine the type of dormancy in melon seeds and evaluate the use of plasma treatment for dormancy breaking. The study consisted of two experiments. The first experiment investigated the cause of dormancy by monitoring physiological and hormonal changes over 10 weeks and by removing the testa and tegmen to observe their impact on imbibition in 7-week stored dormant seeds. Germination percentage and hormonal analysis (abscisic acid [ABA] and gibberellic acid [GA]) were performed weekly on stored seed lots. The second experiment applied plasma treatment to freshly harvested (0-week stored) seeds using the following parameters: 100 V for 120 s, 150 V for 120 s, and 225 V for 120 s; as well as pre-humidification for 1 hour followed by the same plasma treatments. An additional experiment was conducted using 4-week stored seeds treated with 225 V plasma following different soaking durations in water (2, 4, and 6 hours). Results showed that during the 0–10-week storage period, there were fluctuations in GA and ABA hormone levels, as well as changes in seed germination percentage. Removing the testa and tegmen increased germination to 89%, indicating that a significant physical barrier was present. GA concentrations were higher in plasma-treated seeds compared to untreated seeds, but this alone did not significantly enhance germination. However, soaking the seeds in water for 2 hours before plasma exposure improved germination performance. Melon seeds retained dormancy up to 10 weeks after harvest, with physical dormancy being more dominant than physiological dormancy. The optimal dormancy-breaking condition was plasma treatment at 225 V, followed by 2 hours of seed soaking, which resulted in a germination percentage of 83.5%.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166463
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

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