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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166340| Title: | Optimasi Ekstraksi Air Subkritis Minyak Asiri dari Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans) dengan Metode Permukaan Respons |
| Other Titles: | Optimization of Subcritical Water Extraction of Essential Oil from Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology |
| Authors: | Sy., Gustini Farobie, Obie Maskur, Robby |
| Issue Date: | 2025 |
| Publisher: | IPB University |
| Abstract: | Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi ekstraksi minyak asiri dari biji pala (Myristica fragrans) menggunakan ekstraksi air subkritis (subcritical water extraction, SWE) dan metode permukaan respons (response surface methodology, RSM) dengan desain Box-Behnken. Tiga variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah suhu (X1), tekanan (X2), dan waktu ekstraksi (X3). Dari 15 percobaan, kondisi optimum diperoleh pada suhu 150?°C, tekanan 6 MPa, dan waktu 60 menit dengan rendemen 26,37%. Model kuadratik yang digunakan signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,0001, R² = 99,28%) dengan suhu sebagai variabel paling berpengaruh. Analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa senyawa dominan adalah asam miristat dengan kandungan 66,97%, sementara miristisin sebagai senyawa volatil utama hanya 5,15%, di bawah standar minimum SNI 06-2338-2006. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak yang dihasilkan tidak dapat dikategorikan sebagai minyak asiri murni, melainkan sebagai ekstrak kompleks dengan dominasi fraksi lipid. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa SWE pada kondisi optimum belum sepenuhnya selektif terhadap senyawa asiri, tetapi berpotensi mengekstrak fraksi bioaktif lainnya. The purpose of this work was to optimize the subcritical water extraction (SWE) of essential oil from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) seeds using response surface methodology (RSM) and a Box-Behnken design. The optimization was based on three variables: temperature (X1), pressure (X2), and extraction time (X3). A total of 15 experiments were conducted, with best conditions obtained at 150 °C, 6 MPa, and 60 min, producing 26.37% yield. The quadratic model showed substantial results (p < 0.0001, R² = 99.28%), with temperature being the most relevant component. GC-MS analysis revealed that myristic acid was the major constituent, with a content of 66.97%, whereas myristicin, the principal volatile compound, had a concentration of just 5.15%, which was less than the minimal standard of SNI 06-2338, 2006. As a result, the extract cannot be categorized as a pure essential oil, but rather a lipid-rich complex extract. These data suggest that SWE, under optimal conditions, lacks selectivity for volatile chemicals while offering potential for extracting other bioactive fractions. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166340 |
| Appears in Collections: | UT - Chemistry |
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| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_G4401211087_d49604d51fe7474abb3f6cedc30f9ed3.pdf | Cover | 470.11 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_G4401211087_2673ea07b7c94ff5ab25f4080a7c704a.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 1.37 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_G4401211087_ebb645a2f21e41739096acc5291e96d0.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 367.72 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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