Pengaruh Waktu Retensi terhadap Sistem Constructed Wetland dalam Pengolahan Air Lindi TPK Sarimukti

Abstract

Air lindi, cairan yang timbul dari penguraian sampah yang bercampur air hujan, mengandung berbagai senyawa berbahaya seperti organik, anorganik, dan logam berat beracun. Saat ini, konsentrasi BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), dan nitrogen total pada lindi dari TPA Sarimukti telah melampaui ambang batas standar kualitas, sehingga memerlukan penanganan lanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik air lindi, merancang sistem constructed wetland, serta membandingkan pengaruh variasi waktu retensi dan jenis tanaman rumput vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) dan eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) terhadap penurunan BOD, COD, TSS, nitrogen total, kadmium, serta penetralan pH. Metode yang digunakan bersifat eksperimental dengan tiga perlakuan dan dua kali pengulangan (duplo). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rumput vetiver paling efektif dalam menurunkan konsentrasi BOD, COD, TSS, nitrogen total, serta menstabilkan pH, terutama pada waktu retensi 6 dan 10 hari. Dengan demikian, sistem constructed wetland dapat menjadi alternatif pengolahan lanjutan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengolahan air lindi di TPK Sarimukti.

Leachate, a liquid that arises from the decomposition of waste mixed with rainwater, contains various hazardous compounds such as organic, inorganic, and toxic heavy metals. Currently, the concentration of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and total nitrogen in leachate from the Sarimukti Landfill has exceeded the quality standard threshold, requiring further treatment. This study aims to identify the characteristics of leachate, design a constructed wetland system, and compare the effect of variations in retention time and plant types of vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on reducing BOD, COD, TSS, total nitrogen, cadmium, and pH neutralization. The method used is experimental with three treatments and two repetitions (duplo). The results show that vetiver grass is most effective in reducing the concentration of BOD, COD, TSS, total nitrogen, and stabilizing pH, especially at retention times of 6 and 10 days. Thus, the constructed wetland system can be an alternative for further processing to increase the effectiveness of leachate processing at the Sarimukti TPK.