Keanekaragaman Moluska di Ekosistem Mangrove Desa Blanakan, Kabupaten Subang

Abstract

Mangrove di pesisir Blanakan, Kabupaten Subang berperan dalam menahan abrasi, menyaring polutan, dan mendukung stabilitas lingkungan pesisir. Namun, penurunan luasan mangrove akibat abrasi dan alih fungsi lahan menjadi tambak telah menjadi tantangan utama. Ekosistem mangrove menyediakan habitat bagi berbagai biota, termasuk moluska yang memiliki peran penting secara ekologis sebagai bioindikator lingkungan. Keanekaragaman moluska mencerminkan kondisi kesehatan ekosistem mangrove karena sifatnya yang menetap dan sensitif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Data dikumpulkan melalui analisis vegetasi tegakan mangrove dan observasi lapang. Hasil analisis vegetasi menunjukkan bahwa jalur hijau didominasi oleh jenis Sonneratia alba dan Avicennia marina sedangkan tambak silvofishery didominasi oleh Rhizophora apiculata dan Avicennia marina. Analisis moluska menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem mangrove jalur hijau cenderung memiliki keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan moluska yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekosistem silvofishery yang kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan komposisi vegetasi dan kondisi lingkungan masing-masing stasiun.

Mangroves on the coast of Blanakan, Subang Regency play a role in resisting abrasion, filtering pollutants, and supporting the stability of the coastal environment. However, the decline in mangrove area due to abrasion and land conversion into ponds has become a major challenge. Mangrove ecosystems provide habitat for a variety of biota, including mollusks that have an ecologically important role as environmental bioindicators. Mollusc diversity reflects the health of mangrove ecosystems because they are sedentary and sensitive to environmental changes. Data were collected through vegetation analysis of mangrove stands and field observations. The results of vegetation analysis showed that the green belt was dominated by Sonneratia alba and Avicennia marina species while the silvofishery ponds were dominated by Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina. Mollusc analysis showed that the green belt mangrove ecosystem tended to have higher mollusc diversity and abundance compared to the silvofishery ecosystem which was likely influenced by differences in vegetation composition and environmental conditions of each station.