Kajian Efektivitas Hutan Kota Patriot Bina Bangsa Kota Bekasi dalam Mereduksi Konsentrasi Polutan PM2,5 dan PM10

Abstract

Kepadatan penduduk dan meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan di Kota Bekasi berpotensi untuk meningkatkan polusi udara khususnya konsentrasi PM2,5 dan PM10 di Kota Bekasi. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis sejauh mana efektivitas Hutan Kota Patriot Bina Bangsa (HKPBB) Kota Bekasi dalam menurunkan konsentrasi polutan PM2,5 dan PM10; mengukur kemampuan daun dari jenis pohon dominan di HKPBB dalam menjerap polutan partikel ; dan menganalisis dampak jarak, emisi kendaraan, Leaf Area Index (LAI), kecepatan, dan arah angin terhadap penurunan konsentrasi PM2,5 dan PM10 di HKPBB Kota Bekasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi lapang, gravimetri, dan studi literatur. Efektivitas HKPBB dalam mereduksi konsentrasi PM2,5 sebesar 14,40% sedangkan PM10 sebesar 20,81%. Rata-rata kemampuan daun menjerap debu harian yaitu sebesar 14.192,23 µg/cm2 dengan persentase penurunan terbesar terjadi pada jarak 0 meter ke 10 meter yaitu sebesar 43,07%. Dugaan emisi kendaraan menjadi variabel yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi konsentrasi PM2,5 dan PM10 di HKPBB.

Population density and the increasing number of vehicles in Bekasi City have the potential to increase air pollution, especially PM2,5 and PM10 concentrations in Bekasi City. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Patriot Bina Bangsa Urban Forest (HKPBB) in reducing the concentration of PM2,5 and PM10 pollutants; measure the ability of leaves from dominant tree species in HKPBB to adsorb particulate pollutants; and analyze the impact of distance, vehicle emissions, Leaf Area Index (LAI), speed, and wind direction on reducing PM2,5 and PM10 concentrations in HKPBB Bekasi City. The research was conducted using field observation, gravimetry, and literature study methods. The effectiveness of HKPBB in reducing PM2,5 concentration was 14,40% while PM10 was 20,81%. The average ability of leaves to adsorb daily dust is 14.192,23 µg/cm2 with the largest percentage decrease occurring at a distance of 0 meters to 10 meters, which is 43,07%. It is suspected that vehicle emissions are the most dominant variable in influencing PM2,5 and PM10 concentrations in HKPBB.