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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165692Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sumantri, Cece | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Budiman, Cahyo | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Khaerunnisa, Isyana | - |
| dc.contributor.author | Kuswandi, Wawan | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-07-23T22:56:09Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-07-23T22:56:09Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165692 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Sistem pemeliharaan berperan penting dalam menentukan produktivitas dan ketahanan ayam terhadap penyakit. Perbedaan sistem pemeliharaan memengaruhi keseimbangan dan keanekaragaman mikrobioma usus, yang berperan dalam eksklusi patogen, stimulasi imun, dan kestabilan ekosistem usus. Keanekaragaman yang tinggi menciptakan ekosistem usus yang stabil dan tahan gangguan, sehingga meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh. Ketahanan ini dapat diindikasikan melalui jumlah leukosit dalam darah. Interaksi antara sistem pemeliharaan dan mikrobioma menjadi salah satu faktor kunci dalam menjaga kesehatan ayam, menurunkan morbiditas, dan meningkatkan performa. Pemahaman hubungan ini penting untuk merancang sistem pemeliharaan unggas yang berkelanjutan dan adaptif terhadap tantangan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi profil mikrobioma saluran pencernaan dan hubungannya dengan ketahanan penyakit ayam IPB-D3 pada sistem pemeliharaan yang berbeda. Sebanyak 90 ekor ayam IPB-D3 tidak dibedakan jenis kelaminnya (unsex), berumur 12 minggu, dipelihara selama 12 minggu dalam dua sistem pemeliharaan, yaitu intensif dan free-range, dengan masing-masing 45 ekor pada setiap sistem. Parameter yang diamati meliputi suhu dan kelembapan lingkungan, profil darah (hematologi), serta keragaman mikrobiota saluran pencernaan. Analisis metagenomik dilakukan terhadap isi usus halus untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi mikrobiota menggunakan sekuensing gen 16S rRNA (V1–V9) dengan primer 27F dan 1492R melalui platform Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). Data diolah menggunakan alur MinKNOW Dorado, NanoFilt, dan Centrifuge dengan referensi basis data SILVA 16S rRNA. Analisis statistik profil darah dilakukan menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan berpengaruh nyata terhadap keragaman mikrobiota dan total leukosit (P<0,05). Ditemukan 1.294 spesies mikroba unik pada ayam free-range, 720 spesies unik pada sistem intensif, dan 1.761 spesies ditemukan pada kedua sistem pemeliharaan. Ayam free-range menunjukkan keragaman mikrobiota lebih tinggi, terutama pada kelompok dengan leukosit rendah. Pola dominasi mikroba juga berbeda: ayam free-range dengan leukosit tinggi didominasi Ligilactobacillus aviarius, sedangkan dengan leukosit rendah oleh Bacteroides caecigallinarum. Sementara itu, ayam intensif didominasi Gallibacterium anatis pada kedua kondisi leukosit. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan (P>0,05) pada parameter hematologi lainnya seperti eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, indeks eritrosit, dan diferensial leukosit. Perbedaan sistem pemeliharaan tidak memengaruhi aktivasi sistem hematologi ayam IPB-D3 secara keseluruhan. Namun, sistem ini berpengaruh terhadap total leukosit dan struktur mikrobiota saluran pencernaan. Variasi komposisi mikoba pada sistem pemeliharaan dan status imunologis menentukan keragaman komposisi mikrobiota saluran pencernaan ayam IPB-D3. | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Rearing systems significantly influence the productivity and disease resistance of poultry. Differences in management practices affect the composition and diversity of gut microbiota, which are critical for pathogen exclusion, immune modulation, and the stability of the intestinal ecosystem. Higher microbial diversity contributes to a more resilient gut environment, thereby enhancing host immunity, as indicated by leukocyte levels in the blood. The interaction between rearing systems and gut microbiota is one of the key factors in maintaining poultry health, reducing morbidity, and improving performance. Understanding this relationship is crucial for designing sustainable poultry production systems adaptive to health challenges. This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profile and its association with disease resistance in IPB-D3 chickens under different rearing systems. A total of 90 unsexed IPB-D3 chickens, aged 12 weeks, were raised for 12 weeks in two rearing systems intensive and free-range with 45 birds allocated to each system. Observed parameters included environmental temperature and humidity, blood profile (hematology), and gut microbiota diversity. Metagenomic analysis of small intestinal contents was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V1–V9 region, with primers 27F and 1492R, on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing platform. Sequencing data were processed using the MinKNOW Dorado, NanoFilt, and Centrifuge pipelines concerning the SILVA 16S rRNA database. Hematological profiles were statistically analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that the rearing system significantly affected microbiota diversity and total leukocyte counts (P<0.05). A total of 1,294 unique microbial species were identified in free-range chickens, 720 unique species in the intensive system, and 1,761 species were shared between both rearing systems. Chickens raised under free-range systems exhibited greater microbiota diversity, particularly in groups with lower leukocyte counts. Microbial dominance patterns also varied: free-range chickens with high leukocyte counts were dominated by Ligilactobacillus aviarius, whereas those with low leukocyte counts were dominated by Bacteroides caecigallinarum. In contrast, Gallibacterium anatis dominated both leukocyte groups in intensively reared chickens. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found in other hematological parameters such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte indices, and leukocyte differentials. Although rearing systems did not affect the overall hematological activation of IPB-D3 chickens, as all values remained within physiological norms, they did influence total leukocyte counts and gut microbiota structure.Variation in microbial composition due to rearing systems and immunological status determines the diversity and structure of the gut microbiota in IPB-D3 chickens. | - |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan (LPDP) | - |
| dc.language.iso | id | - |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Profil Mikrobioma Saluran Pencernaan Ayam IPB-D3 pada Sistem Pemeliharaan yang Berbeda | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Gut Microbiome Profile of IPB-D3 Chickens Raised under Different Rearing Systems | - |
| dc.type | Tesis | - |
| dc.subject.keyword | 16S rRNA | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | ayam IPB-D3 | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | metagenomik | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | free-range | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | mikrobioma | id |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Animal Science | |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_D1501231015_21e6212ba84c4950a24795acaf070429.pdf | Cover | 2.45 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_D1501231015_36c4cbebdc5045d4a9b1778f6ecb01c8.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 3.41 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_D1501231015_34d00bd2301f4d5d84e2596f16063b5d.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 2.21 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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