Efektivitas Bioherbisida Ekstrak Rimpang Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica L.) di Kebun Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Java Coffee Estate

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak rimpang alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica L.) sebagai bioherbisida dalam menekan pertumbuhan gulma pada tanaman kopi arabika. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Java Coffee Estate dengan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal, terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu kontrol; 0,6%; 1,3%; dan 2,0% dengan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase penutupan dan tingkat kematian gulma. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak secara signifikan menurunkan penutupan gulma dan meningkatkan kematian gulma. Kandungan senyawa alelopati seperti polifenol 1,109% dan flavonoid 0,1% pada setiap 100 mg/ml berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Konsentrasi 2,0% menurunkan penutupan gulma sebesar 50,00% dan meningkatkan kematian hingga 51,60%. Spesies gulma yang berhasil dikendalikan antara lain Crassocephalum crepidioides, Bidens pilosa, Solanum americanum, Erigeron sumatrensis, Eleusine indica dan Euphorbia heterophylla.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of alang-alang rhizome extract (Imperata cylindrica L.) as a bioherbicide in suppressing weed growth in arabica coffee plants. The research was conducted at Java Coffee Estate using a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with a single-factor, consisting of four treatment levels, namely control; 0,6%; 1,3%; and 2,0% with three replications. Observed parameters included weed coverage and weed mortality. The results showed that extract application significantly reduced weed coverage and increased weed mortality. Allelopathy compounds such as polyphenols 1,109% and flavonoids 0,1% per 100 mg/ml played a key role in inhibiting weed growth. The 2,0% concentration reduced weed coverage by 50,00% and increased mortality to 51,60%. Weed species successfully controlled was Crassocephalum crepidioides, Bidens pilosa, Solanum americanum, Erigeron sumatrensis, Eleusine indica, and Euphorbia heterophylla.