Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165355
Title: Pengaruh Pupuk Silika terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah, Kadar Hara, dan Produktivitas Padi Sawah di Kabupaten Karawang
Other Titles: The Effect of Silica Fertilizer on Soil Chemical Properties, Nutrient Content and Rice Productivity in Karawang Regency
Authors: Widjaja, Hermanu
Suwardi
Wilujeng, Lutfia Nanda
Issue Date: 2025
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Tanah sawah intensif sering mengalami penurunan kandungan silika (Si) akibat tingginya serapan unsur tersebut oleh tanaman padi. Silika memiliki peran penting dalam memperkuat jaringan tanaman, meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit, serta mendukung produktivitas padi. Namun, aplikasi pupuk silika belum menjadi praktik umum dalam sistem budidaya padi sawah intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh aplikasi pupuk silika terhadap sifat kimia tanah, kadar hara tanaman, produktivitas padi sawah, dan menentukan dosis optimum yang aplikatif. Penelitian dilakukan di sawah Desa Sukaratu, Kecamatan Cilebar, Kabupaten Karawang pada April hingga Juli 2024. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri dari empat dosis pupuk silika yaitu 0, 1, 2, dan 4 ton ha?¹ dengan tiga ulangan. Tanaman indikator yang digunakan adalah padi varietas Inpari 32. Parameter yang diamati berupa sifat-sifat kimia tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, N-tersedia, P-total, P-tersedia, K-total, KTK, basa-basa dapat ditukarkan, unsur mikro Fe, Mn, dan Si-tersedia), kadar hara (N, P, K, dan Si) pada tanaman padi, pertumbuhan, dan produktivitas padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk silika meningkatkan kandungan P dan Si dalam tanah serta memperbaiki status hara dalam jaringan tanaman. Pupuk silika juga mempengaruhi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan pada fase awal pertumbuhan, panjang malai, jumlah malai per rumpun, bobot seribu butir dan jumlah gabah isi per rumpun pada fase generatif. Peningkatan tersebut berdampak positif terhadap hasil gabah. Dosis silika 2 ton ha?¹ menghasilkan produksi gabah kering giling (GKG) tertinggi sebesar 6,46 ton ha?¹ dan direkomendasikan sebagai dosis optimum untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi sawah pada lahan intensif seperti di Kabupaten Karawang.
Intensive rice field soils often experience a decrease in silica (Si) content due to the high absorption of this element by rice plants. Silica has an important function in strengthening plant tissue, increasing resistance to pests and diseases, and supporting rice productivity. However, the application of silica fertilizer has not become a common practice in intensive rice field cultivation systems. This research aims to evaluate the effect of silica fertilizer application on soil chemical properties, plant nutrient levels, rice productivity, and determine the optimum applicable dose. The research was conducted in the rice fields of Sukaratu Village, Cilebar District, Karawang Regency from April to July 2024. The research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of four doses of silica fertilizer, specifically 0, 1, 2, and 4 tons ha?¹ with three replications. The indicator plant used was Inpari 32 rice variety. The parameters observed were soil chemical properties (pH, organic C, total-N, available-N, total-P, available-P, total-K, CEC, exchangeable bases, micronutrient Fe, Mn, and available Si), nutrient levels (N, P, K, and Si) in rice plants, growth, and rice productivity. The results of application silica fertilizer increased the phosphorus (P) and silicon (Si) content in the soil and improves the nutrient status within plant tissues. Silica fertilizer also affected plant height and the number of tillers in the early growth phase, panicle length, number of panicles per clump, weight of a thousand grains, and the number of filled grains per clump in the generative phase. This increase had a positive impact on grain yield. A silica dose of 2 tons ha?¹ produced the highest dry milled grain (DMG) production of 6.46 tons ha?¹ and is recommended as the optimum dose to increase the productivity of paddy fields on intensive land such as in Karawang Regency.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165355
Appears in Collections:UT - Soil Science and Land Resources

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