Pemanfaatan Abu Boiler dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri PT Japfa Comfeed

Abstract

Permasalahan air limbah industri PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk Unit Padang, khususnya kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan kadar Besi (Fe) yang mendekati baku mutu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi polutan, menentukan massa adsorben abu boiler yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar COD dan kadar Besi, serta merancang aplikasinya sesuai PERMENLH No. 5 Tahun 2014 Lampiran XLVII. Metode eksperimen kuantitatif dengan tiga pengulangan digunakan, didukung oleh data primer dari sampling dan analisis laboratorium, serta data sekunder dari studi literatur dan peraturan pemerintah. Abu boiler berasal dari pembakaran cangkang sawit dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben setelah melalui proses netralisasi dan aktivasi dengan larutan NH4Cl 0,1 M selama 24 jam. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan variasi massa adsorben 2,5 gram, 5 gram, dan 10 gram per liter limbah, dengan pengadukan 30 menit dan pengendapan tiga jam, diikuti pengujian kadar COD dan kadar Besi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan 10 gram adsorben abu boiler per liter air limbah paling efektif menurunkan kadar COD dari 97 mg/L menjadi 7,17 mg/L (efisiensi 79,99%) dan kadar Besi dari 97 mg/L menjadi 0,12 mg/L (efisiensi 97,07%). Pengaplikasian pada IPAL yaitu pada bak mixer berkapasitas 400 liter, diperkirakan membutuhkan sekitar 4 kg adsorben abu boiler perbandingan skala labor.

The problem of industrial liquid waste of PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk Padang Unit, especially the levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Iron (Fe) which are close to the quality standards. This study aims to identify pollutants, determine the most effective mass of boiler ash adsorbent to reduce COD and Fe levels, and design its application according to PERMENLH No. 5 of 2014 Attachment XLVII. Quantitative experimental methods with three repetitions were used. Boiler ash was used as an adsorbent after going through a neutralization and activation process with 0.1 M NH4Cl solution for 24 hours. The adsorption process was carried out with variations in adsorbent mass of 2.5 grams, 5 grams, and 10 grams per liter of waste, with 30 minutes of stirring and three hours of sedimentation, followed by testing COD and Fe levels. The results showed that the use of 10 grams of boiler ash adsorbent per liter of liquid waste was most effective in reducing COD levels from 97 mg/L to 7.17 mg/L (efficiency 79.99%) and Fe levels from 97 mg/L to 0.12 mg/L (efficiency 97.07%). Application in WWTP, namely in a mixer tank with a capacity of 400 liters, is estimated to require around 4 kg of boiler ash adsorbent for a labor-scale comparison.