Pengaruh Suplementasi Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) terhadap Maskulinisasi Ikan Gapi (Poecilia reticulata)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi optimal bubuk pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia) dalam pakan induk, untuk maskulinisasi benih ikan gapi (Poecilia reticulata). Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) digunakan dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas pakan yang mengandung 0, 10, 50, dan 250 mg kg?¹ bubuk pasak bumi, serta kontrol positif yang mengandung 1 mg kg?¹ 17a-metiltestosteron. Induk virgin berusia tiga bulan dengan rasio jantan dan betina 1:1 pada setiap ulangan perlakuan, dipelihara selama 90 hari. Induk diberi pakan perlakuan dua kali sehari dan larva diberi pakan non-perlakuan tiga kali sehari secara at satiation. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi bubuk pasak bumi 10 mg kg?¹ pakan kurang efektif meningkatkan nisbah kelamin jantan larva dengan tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap perlakuan Kontrol. Konsentrasi 50 mg kg?¹ terbukti optimal dalam meningkatkan nisbah kelamin jantan larva, dengan hasil setara perlakuan MT dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan lain. Namun, konsentrasi 250 mg kg?¹, menyebabkan peningkatan abnormalitas, penurunan jumlah total larva, serta rendahnya tingkat kelangsungan hidup induk dan larva.

This study aimed to analyze the optimal concentration of Longjack (Eurycoma longifolia) powder in broodstock feed for the masculinization of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) fry. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied with five treatments and three replicates. The treatments consisted of feed supplemented with 0, 10, 50, and 250 mg kg?¹ of E. longifolia powder, along with a positive control containing 1 mg kg?¹ of 17a-methyltestosterone. Virgin broodstock aged three months with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 per replicate were maintained for 90 days. Broodstock were fed the treatment diets twice daily, while larvae were given nontreatment feed three times a day at satiation. The results showed that a concentration of 10 mg kg?¹ of E. longifolia powder was less effective in increasing the male sex ratio of larvae, showing no significant difference from the control. A concentration of 50 mg kg?¹ was found to be optimal, significantly increasing the male ratio, comparable to the MT treatment and significantly different from the other treatments. However, the 250 mg kg?¹ concentration led to increased abnormalities, reduced total larval output, and lower survival rates of both broodstock and larvae.