Isolasi dan Identifikasi Gen Penyandi Peptida Antimikroba ß-barrelin pada Tanaman Famili Araceae

Abstract

Meningkatnya kasus resistensi antimikroba telah menjadi krisis kesehatan global akibat ketidakmampuan antibiotik konvensional dalam mengatasi infeksi. Hal ini mendorong penemuan kandidat alternatif antibiotik, salah satunya peptida antimikroba (AMP) yang memiliki spektrum aktivitas antimikroba luas terhadap patogen. ß-barrelin, salah satu jenis AMP tanaman, telah menarik perhatian karena aktivitas dan stabilitas biologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi gen penyandi ß-barrelin pada lima tanaman famili Araceae, yaitu Colocasia esculenta, Caladium bicolor, Epipremnum aureum, Pistia stratiotes, dan Spirodela polyrhiza. Metode yang digunakan mencakup desain primer spesifik, isolasi DNA genom, analisis kuantitas dan kualitas DNA, serta amplifikasi gen target menggunakan PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gen penyandi ß barrelin berhasil diidentifikasi pada setiap spesies uji, dengan ukuran amplikon berkisar ~321 bp menggunakan primer BBR_F1 dan BBR_R1. Suhu annealing optimal untuk amplifikasi adalah 55.9°C. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah gen penyandi ß-barrelin berhasil diidentifikasi dan diisolasi dari kelima spesies tanaman famili Araceae tersebut, menunjukkan potensi besar tanaman ini sebagai sumber AMP untuk pengembangan terapi baru dalam mengatasi resistensi.

Due to the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance, it has become a global health crisis due to the inability of conventional antibiotics to effectively treat infections. This has encouraged the discovery of alternative antibiotic candidates, one of which is antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are known to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against pathogens. ß-barrelin, one type of plant AMP, has attracted attention due to its biological activity and stability. This research was intended to isolate and identify the genes encoding ß-barrelin in five plant species from the Araceae family: Colocasia esculenta, Caladium bicolor, Epipremnum aureum, Pistia stratiotes, and Spirodela polyrhiza. The methods used include specific primer design, genomic DNA isolation, analysis of DNA quantity and quality, and amplification of target genes using PCR. The results showed that the gene encoding ß-barrelin was successfully identified in each species tested, with an amplicon size ranging ~321 bp using primers BBR_F1 and BBR_R1. The optimal annealing temperature for amplification was 55.9°C. In conclusion, the gene encoding ß-barrelin was successfully identified and isolated from all five tested Araceae plant species, indicating the significant potential of these plants as a source of AMPs for developing novel therapeutics to combat antibiotic resistance.