Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Peternak Sapi di Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar terhadap Penanganan Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK)

Abstract

Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, kabupaten penghasil sapi pedaging terbesar di Provinsi Lampung, mengalami pukulan berat akibat outbreak PMK tahun 2022. Salah satu faktor keberhasilan pencegahan dan pengendalian PMK yaitu tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik yang baik. Penelitian ini mengobservasi dan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik peternak sapi di Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar terhadap upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian PMK. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan instrumen kuesioner serta observasi lapangan. Data karakteristik responden dianalisis secara kualitatif sementara data tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan Skala Likert dan Guttman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik responden peternak sangat baik, yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 86%, 78,7%, dan 92%. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan kurangnya pemahaman responden mengenai hewan rentan PMK serta terapi kuratif PMK. Responden secara umum setuju dengan tindakan-tindakan pengendalian PMK. Responden masih menunjukkan praktik manajemen limbah feses kurang baik sertakeengganan melakukan pelaporan kejadian penyakit kepada tenaga medis veteriner di wilyahnya. Peningkatan pelaksanaan Komunikasi, Informasi, Edukasi melalui program komprehensif dan holistik perlu dilakukan untuk terus meningkatkan pengetahuan dan praktik pengelolaan ternak yang baik.

Central Lampung District, the largest beef cattle producing district in Lampung Province, has been hit hard by the 2022 FMD outbreak. One of the success factors for FMD prevention and control is a good level of knowledge, attitude, and practice. This study observed and determined the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of cattle farmers in Terbanggi Besar subdistrict towards FMD prevention and control. Data were collected through interviews with questionnaire instruments and field observations. Data on respondent characteristics were analyzed qualitatively while data on the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices were analyzed quantitatively using Likert and Guttman scales. The results showed that the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of livestock farmers was very good, which amounted to 86%, 78.7%, and 92%, respectively. Interview results showed that respondents lacked understanding of FMD susceptible animals and FMD curative therapy. Respondents generally agreed with FMD control measures. Respondents still show poor fecal waste management practices and reluctance to report disease incidents to veterinary medical personnel in their area. Increased implementation of Communication, Information, Education through comprehensive and holistic programs needs to be done to continue to improve knowledge and good livestock management practices.