Kinerja Rantai Pasok Beras Bulog Dalam Mendukung Usaha Mikro Ritel Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK) di Bogor

Abstract

Analisis kinerja rantai pasok beras sangat penting untuk ditelusuri bagaimana setiap elemen berfungsi dan berinteraksi satu sama lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran kinerja rantai pasok beras Bulog dan menganalisis strategi pengembangan usaha mikro ritel Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK) di Bogor. Hal ini mencakup berbagai aspek, mulai dari pengadaan, pengolahan, distribusi, hingga penjualan di tingkat riteler dan konsumen akhir. Pencapaian kinerja rantai pasok beras Bulog Bogor selama tahun 2024 secara umum adalah sangat baik (excellent). Kinerja rantai pasok beras premium dengan kinerja total sebesar 95,31% (excelent) dan beras medium dengan brand SPHP mencapai kinerja total sebesar 86,61% (good). Hasil identifikasi faktor internal di tingkat riteler usaha mikro ritel RPK di Bogor memiliki kekuatan utama yaitu pasokan produk beras dari Bulog yang selalu ada secara reguler dan kelemahan utama adalah pembelian ke Bulog dari RPK harus tunai, kemasan produk yang kurang baik di jahitan pada kemasan beras medium brand SPHP 5 kg dan keterbatasan modal. Hasil identifikasi faktor eksternal memiliki peluang utama adalah RPK selain menjual produk Bulog juga bisa menjual produk non Bulog untuk diversifikasi produk sedangkan ancaman utama adalah persaingan yang tinggi dari toko beras dan ritel modern. Hasil analisis matriks IE dimana RPK berada sel V dengan strategi Hold and Maintain. Hasil analisis SWOT dan QSPM dapat disimpulkan RPK melakukan diversifikasi produk dimana RPK tidak hanya menjual beras Bulog tapi juga melengkapi dengan produk non Bulog yang tergolong fast moving item seperti gula pasir, minyak goreng, telor, kerjasama dengan UMKM lain dan memanfaatkan digitalisasi, sosial media untuk memaksimalkan penjualan dan keuntungan.

The analysis of rice supply chain performance is crucial to understand how each element functions and interacts with one another. This research aims to determine the performance of Bulog's rice supply chain and the strategy for the development of our food house retail micro business in Bogor. This encompasses various aspects including procurement, processing, distribution, and sales at the distributor level and to end consumers. The overall performance of the rice supply chain at Bulog Bogor in 2024 is rated as excellent. The supply chain performance of premium rice achieved a total performance score of 95.31% (excellent), while medium rice under the SPHP brand reached a total performance score of 86.61% (good). The identification of internal factors at the retailer level, specifically in micro-retail businesses under Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK) in Bogor, revealed that the main strength is the regular supply of rice products from Bulog. However, the main weaknesses include the requirement for RPK to purchase from Bulog in cash, poor product packaging quality, especially in the stitching of 5 kg SPHP brand medium rice, and limited capital for business management. The identification of external factors found that the main opportunity is that RPK, in addition to selling Bulog products, can also sell non-Bulog products for product diversification. Meanwhile, the primary threat comes from high competition with rice stores and modern retail outlets. Based on the IE matrix analysis, RPK is positioned in cell V, with a strategy of “Hold and Maintain.” The results of the SWOT and QSPM analyses conclude that RPK should diversify its product offerings. This means that RPK should not only sell Bulog rice but also complement its inventory with non-Bulog fast-moving items such as sugar, cooking oil, and eggs. Additionally, RPK should collaborate with local MSMEs and leverage digitalization and social media to maximize sales and profits.