Pengaruh Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku terhadap Kualitas Susu: Studi Kasus di KPBS Pangalengan

Abstract

Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) disebabkan oleh virus RNA genus Aphthovirus, famili Picornaviridae yang merusak jaringan mulut, ambing, dan kaki sehingga menimbulkan lesi vesikular dan inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh PMK terhadap kualitas susu sapi perah di Koperasi Peternakan Bandung Selatan (KPBS) Pangalengan sebelum, saat, dan setelah wabah PMK. Penelitian dilakukan dengan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari KPBS Pangalengan. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi total protein, kadar lemak, bahan kering tanpa lemak (BKTL), angka lempeng total (ALT), dan titik beku susu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kualitas susu pada saat dan setelah wabah PMK yang ditandai dengan penurunan kadar protein, lemak, dan BKTL, serta peningkatan ALT yang menandakan penurunan kualitas mikrobiologis susu. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa PMK tidak hanya berpengaruh terhadap kualitas susu pada saat wabah, namun juga setelah wabah, sehingga upaya pencegahan merupakan hal yang utama di dalam pengendalian PMK.

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is caused by an RNA virus of the Aphthovirus genus, Picornaviridae family, which damages tissues in the mouth, udder, and feet, resulting in vesicular lesions and inflammation. This study aims analyze the impact of FMD on the quality of dairy cow milk at the South Bandung Livestock Cooperative (KPBS) Pangalengan before, during, and after the FMD outbreak. The research was conducted using secondary data obtained from KPBS Pangalengan. The variables analyzed included total protein, fat content, solid not fat (SNF), total plate count (TPC), and milk freezing point. The results showed a decline in milk quality during and after the FMD outbreak, characterized by a decrease in protein, fat, and SNF levels, as well as an increase in TPC, indicating a deterioration in the microbiological quality of the milk. These findings confirm that FMD affects milk quality not only during the outbreak but also afterward, emphasizing that preventive measures are essential in controlling the spread of FMD.