Identifikasi Hierarki Sosial dan Perbandingan Stabilitas Dua Koloni Monyet Ekor Panjang Betina di Pusat Studi Satwa Primata

Abstract

Monyet ekor panjang (MEP) hidup secara berkelompok dengan membentuk perilaku sosial dan hierarki yang memengaruhi stabilitas kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hierarki dan membandingkan stabilitas dua koloni MEP berdasarkan perilaku sosial, temperamen, dan hierarki. Penelitian dilakukan pada 5 Agustus – 5 November 2024 di PSSP dengan etik clearance IPB PRC-22-B004 menggunakan 11 ekor monyet yang dibagi menjadi dua grup. Pengambilan data meliputi pengamatan perilaku sosial, identifikasi hierarki dan temperament assessment. Hasil temperament assessment monyet dari kedua kandang, sebanyak 4 ekor memiliki temperamen netral-agresif, 3 ekor temperamen netral-affiliative, 2 ekor temperamen netral-anxiety, 1 ekor temperamen netral-fearful, dan 1 ekor temperamen fearful-netral. Hasil pengamatan perilaku social menunjukkan grup A memiliki persentase social affiliative sebesar 68,6%, social agonistic 8,6% ,dan non social behavior 22,9% dengan hierarki dipimpin dominan, sedangkan grup B memiliki persentase social affiliative 85,5%, social agonistic 5,9%, dan non sosial behavior 8,6% tanpa hierarki dominan. Berdasarkan perilaku sosial, kandang grup B lebih stabil dibandingkan kandang grup A.

Long-tailed macaques live in groups by forming social behavior and hierarchies that affect group stability. This study aims to identify the hierarchy and compare the stability of two monkeys colonies based on social behavior, temperament, and hierarchy. The study was conducted on August 5 - November 5, 2024 at the PSSP with ethical clearance IPB PRC-22-B004 using 11 monkeys divided into two groups. Data collection included observation of social behavior, identification of hierarchy and temperament assessment. The results of the temperament assessment of monkeys from both cages, that 4 monkeys had a neutral-aggressive temperament, 3 monkeys had a neutral-affiliative temperament, 2 monkeys had a neutral-anxiety temperament, 1 monkey had a neutral-fearful temperament, and 1 monkey had a fearful-neutral temperament. The results of social behavior observations showed that group A had a social affiliative percentage of 68,6%, social agonistic 8,6%, and non-social behavior 22.9% with a dominant-led hierarchy, while group B had a social affiliative percentage of 85.5%, social agonistic 5.9%, and non-social behavior 8.6% without a dominant hierarchy. Based on social behavior, group B cages were more stable than group A cages.