Aplikasi Biochar Bagasse Tebu untuk Perbaikan Status Hara dan Ketersediaan Air Tanah serta Pertumbuhan Padi.

Abstract

Pemanfaatan biochar bagasse tebu berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan produksi padi melalui perbaikan status hara dan retensi air. Dengan tantangan lahan dan kebutuhan beras tinggi, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh biochar terhadap status hara, ketersediaan air tanah, dan pertumbuhan padi IPB 3S. Penelitian dilakukan di Green House Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, IPB, menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak dua faktor: dosis biochar bagasse tebu (0, 2, 4, dan 8 ton ha-1) dan pupuk NPK 15-15-15 (40%, 70%, dan 100% dosis standar). Dengan 4 ulangan, diperoleh 48 percobaan. Hasil menunjukkan Aplikasi biochar bagasse tebu 2 ton ha-1 efektif mengurangi pencucian NH4+, NO3-, dan N Total serta meningkatkan ketersediaan air tanah awal. Biochar 8 ton ha-1 meningkatkan ketersediaan NH4+ dan N Total, mendukung efisiensi nitrogen, dan terbaik untuk tinggi tanaman 7-9 MST. Namun, pada tinggi tanaman 2-5 MST, jumlah anakan, ketersediaaNO3- N, N Total, dan air tanah 5-10 MST, biochar 0 ton ha-1 lebih baik. NPK 15-15-15 dosis 70% unggul pada tinggi tanaman, anakan, dan air tanah, sedangkan 100% dosis efektif menekan pencucian NO3- N, N Total, dan meningkatkan ketersediaannya, 40% hanya unggul pada pencucian NH4+.

The utilization of sugarcane bagasse biochar has the potential to enhance soil quality and rice productivity by improving nutrient retention and water availability. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar on nutrient status, soil moisture, and the growth of IPB 3S rice. A two-factor randomized block design was implemented at the IPB Cikabayan Greenhouse with four biochar doses (0, 2, 4, and 8 tons ha?¹) and three NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer levels (40%, 70%, and 100% of the standard dose), each replicated four times for a total of 48 experimental units. Application of 2 tons ha?¹ biochar reduced NH4?, NO3?, and total N leaching while improving initial soil water availability. The 8 tons ha?¹ dose increased NH4? and total N, supported nitrogen efficiency, and enhanced plant height at 7–9 WAP. However, better early growth parameters (plant height at 2–5 WAP, tiller number, and soil water at 5–10 WAP) were observed without the addition of biochar. A 70% NPK dose improved plant height, tillering, and soil moisture, while the 100% dose minimized N losses and increased availability. The 40% dose was only effective in reducing NH4? leaching.