Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Lipase Pankreas Formulasi Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) secara In Vitro.

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan penumpukan lemak berlebih yang dapat memicu gangguan kesehatan. Orlistat efektif sebagai antiobesitas, namun efek sampingnya perlu dipertimbangkan. Indonesia kaya akan biodiversitas, termasuk tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antiobesitas seperti M. oleifera (daun kelor) dan O. basilicum (daun kemangi). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur dan mengevaluasi kadar fenolik, flavonoid, kapasitas antioksidan, dan inhibisi lipase pankreas dari ekstrak kasar dan formulasi keduanya secara in vitro. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode sonikasi menggunakan etanol 70%, dan formulasi dibuat dengan bantuan Design Expert. Pengujian meliputi fenolik total, flavonoid total, kapasitas antioksidan (DPPH dan FRAP), serta inhibisi lipase pankreas. Hasil tertinggi diperoleh dari ekstrak kasar daun kelor dengan kadar fenolik 84,50 mg GAE/g, flavonoid 18,84 mg QE/g, kapasitas antioksidan tertinggi pada DPPH (82,35 mg TE/g) dan FRAP (363,01 mg TE/g), serta inhibisi lipase 75,42%, lebih rendah dari orlistat (76,83 %). Formulasi memberikan hasil interaksi aditif pada semua uji yang dilakukan.

Obesity is the excessive accumulation of fat that can lead to health disorders. Orlistat is effective as an anti-obesity agent, but its side effects need to be considered. Indonesia is rich in biodiversity, including plants with potential anti-obesity properties such as M. oleifera (moringa leaf) and O. basilicum (basil leaf). This study aimed to measure and evaluate the phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibition of the crude extracts and their formulations in vitro. Extraction was performed using a sonication method with 70% ethanol, and formulations were developed using Design Expert software. The tests included total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP), and pancreatic lipase inhibition. The highest results were obtained from the crude moringa leaf extract, with phenolic content of 84.50 mg GAE/g, flavonoid content of 18.84 mg QE/g, the highest antioxidant capacities shown in the DPPH (82.35 mg TE/g) and FRAP (363.01 mg TE/g) assays, and pancreatic lipase inhibition of 75.42%, slightly lower than orlistat (76,83%). The formulation exhibited additive interaction effects in all conducted assays.