Optimasi Sistem Silvopastura Berbasis S3FMU dalam Rehabilitasi Lahan Kritis di Kampung Nyomplong, Sukajaya, Bogor

Abstract

Lahan kritis adalah area dengan degradasi fungsi ekologis akibat kerusakan fisik, kimia, atau biologi. Salah satunya terdapat di Kampung Nyomplong, Desa Kiarapandak, Kecamatan Sukajaya, Kabupaten Bogor, yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi usaha silvopastura. Rencana mencakup agroforestri manggis, kopi robusta, durian, tanaman pengisi cabai dan tomat, serta peternakan sapi perah Holstein Friesian. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan data primer melalui wawancara dan kuesioner, serta data sekunder dari studi literatur. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi potensi pengembangan usaha silvopastura berbasis konsep Smart Small Scale Forest Management Unit (S3FMU) dan menganalisis kelayakan sosial, ekologis, dan finansialnya. Pengelolaan lahan menerapkan konsep S3FMU, menyesuaikan kondisi sosial masyarakat yang bergantung pada pertanian dan peternakan, serta ekologi setempat seperti curah hujan tinggi, suhu ideal, dan topografi datar. Analisis finansial menunjukkan total investasi Rp3.447.445.371, NPV Rp20.325.067.848, BCR 1,57, IRR 23%, dan estimasi payback period 6,1 tahun.

Critical land refers to areas experiencing ecological function degradation due to physical, chemical, or biological damage. One such area is located in Kampung Nyomplong, Kiarapandak Village, Sukajaya Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, which has the potential to be developed into a silvopasture enterprise. The development plan includes agroforestry systems with mangosteen, robusta coffee, and durian, complemented by intercrops of chili and tomato, as well as dairy farming of Holstein Friesian cattle. This study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches, utilizing primary data collected through interviews and questionnaires, and secondary data obtained from literature review. The objective of the study is to identify the development potential of a silvopasture business based on the Smart Small Scale Forest Management Unit (S3FMU) concept and to analyze its social, ecological, and financial feasibility. Land management adopts the S3FMU concept, adjusted to local socio-ecological conditions, including the community’s reliance on agriculture and livestock, high rainfall, ideal temperature, and flat topography. The financial analysis indicates a total investment of IDR 3,447,445,371, a NPV of IDR 20,325,067,848, a BCR of 1.57, an IRR of 23%, and an estimated payback period of 6.1 years.