Isolasi dan Aplikasi Bakteri Kandidat Probiotik Potensial pada Sistem Bioflok terhadap Respons Imun Udang Vaname

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus merupakan bakteri patogen penyebab penyakit Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) pada udang vaname. Penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri ini dapat dilakukan dengan aplikasi bioflok serta penambahan probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengaplikasikan bakteri kandidat probiotik potensial pada sistem bioflok udang vaname dalam menghambat V. parahaemolyticus. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif (K+), bioflok ditambah probiotik Marine bacterium (MB), dan bioflok ditambah probiotik Proteus mirabilis (1AP). Udang vaname PL 9 diuji tantang dengan V. parahaemolyticus selama 7 hari dengan padat tebar 15 ekor/L. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tingkat kelangsungan hidup, total hemocyte count, aktivitas fagositik, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst, volume flok, kelimpahan bakteri, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bioflok ditambah probiotik Marine bacterium dan Proteus mirabilis mampu meningkatkan respons imun pada udang vaname yang diinfeksi oleh V. parahaemolyticus. Perlakuan dengan penambahan probiotik Marine bacterium memberikan nilai respons imun yang terbaik pada udang vaname.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is pathogenic bacteria which is responsible for Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND). This bacteria can be inhibited with biofloc and probiotic additions. This study aims to isolate and apply potential probiotic candidate bacteria to the vaname shrimp biofloc system in inhibiting F. parahaemolyticus. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications, negative control (K-), positive control (K+), biofloc with Marine bacterium (MB), and a biofloc with Proteus mirabilis (LAP). Vaname shrimp post larvae 9 were reared and challenged with V. parahaemolyticus for 7 days witryxrzh a stocking density of 15 individuals/L.. The observed parameters include survival levels, total hemocyte count, fagocyic activity, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst, floc volume, bacterial abundance, and water quality. The sudies showed biofloc system with addition of Marine bacterium and Proteus mirabilis can increased immune response in vaname shrimps which infected by V. parahaemolyticus. Treatment with biofloc and added by Marine bacterium probiotic gave the best immune response value to the vaname shrimps.