Estimasi Nilai Kerugian Ekonomi Masyarakat dan Strategi Alternatif Pengurangan Dampak Banjir di Jorong Sopang Kenagarian Pangkalan Sumatra Barat

Abstract

Jorong Sopang terletak di Kenagarian Pangkalan, Kecamatan Pangkalan Koto Baru, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatra Barat merupakan wilayah yang rutin mengalami banjir setiap tahun. Di Jorong Sopang terdapat Sungai Batang Manggilang dengan panjang 10.230 m yang bermuara di Sungai Batang Mahat. Sungai ini menjadi penyebab utama banjir. Banjir terjadi karena penyempitan dan pendangkalan sungai akibat erosi tebing tanah yang menimbulkan sedimentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi masyarakat terkait banjir, mengestimasi nilai kerugian ekonomi akibat banjir 2023, menganalisis kesediaan masyarakat terhadap program relokasi, serta memberikan rekomendasi strategi alternatif pengurangan dampak banjir. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif, skala likert, market based approach, cost of illness, opportunity cost, regresi logistik biner, dan PROMETHEE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Jorong Sopang setuju banjir sering terjadi dalam waktu yang lama, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi sebesar Rp495.004.500,00 per tahun. Akan tetapi dari kondisi tersebut mayoritas masyarakat tidak bersedia direlokasi dan strategi alternatif terbaik untuk mengurangi dampak banjir adalah pembangunan tanggul sungai.

Jorong Sopang is located in Pangkalan Kenagarian, Pangkalan Koto Baru Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, an area that regularly experiences flooding every year. In Jorong Sopang there is Batang Manggilang River with a length of 10.230 m which empties into Batang Mahat River. This river is the main cause of flooding. Flooding occurs due to narrowing and siltation of the river due to soil cliff erosion that causes sedimentation. This study aims to identify community perceptions related to flooding, estimate the value of economic losses due to flooding in 2023, analyze community willingness to relocate, and provide recommendations for alternative strategies to reduce flood impacts. The methods used include descriptive analysis, Likert scale, market based approach, cost of illness, opportunity cost, binary logistic regression, and PROMETHEE. The results showed that the people of Jorong Sopang agreed that floods often occur for a long time, causing economic losses of 495.004.500,00 IDR per year. However, from these conditions, the majority of people are not willing to be relocated and the best alternative strategy to reduce the impact of flooding is the construction of river embankments.