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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161114| Title: | Penentuan Kerapatan Massa Tajuk Berdasarkan Analisis Keragaan Fisik |
| Other Titles: | Determination of Crown Density based on Physichal Appearance Analysis. |
| Authors: | Karlinasari, Lina Buono, Agus Aini, Siti Churotul |
| Issue Date: | 2025 |
| Publisher: | IPB University |
| Abstract: | Pohon memiliki berbagai fungsi penting terutama di lansekap kota yaitu
fungsi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial-budaya, dan estetika. Sehingga pohon perkotaan
menjadi aset penting bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan perkotaan. Pada
kondisi tertentu, akibat tekanan alami lingkungan berupa hujan, angin, dan badai
maupun kerusakan pohon akibat serangan hama penyakit, maka pohon dapat
berpotensi membahayakan lingkungan sekitar akibat kegagalan pohon. Salah satu
cara untuk menduga kondisi keamanan pohon yaitu dengan menghitung faktor
keamanan melalui analisis struktur pohon. Tahap terpenting dalam menganalisis
struktur pohon yaitu dengan menghitung beban berat sendiri dari batang dan tajuk
(self-weight load). Perhitungan berat batang biasanya berasal dari kerapatan massa
kayu. Kerapatan tajuk biasanya dihitung berdasarkan persentase luas tajuk.
Penelitian sebelumnya tidak menyebutkan secara jelas metode untuk
menentukan dan mendapatkan nilai kerapatan tajuk berdasarkan berat dan volume
tajuk. Pendekatan melalui penggabungan beberapa metode penentuan karakteristik
tajuk pohon berdasarkan berat tajuk, volume tajuk, dan kerapatan tajuk dalam
luasan area diperlukan. Hasil dari perhitungan ini digunakan untuk mengkonversi
nilai satuan kerapatan tajuk dari luasan area terhadap bobot dan volume tajuk yang
dibutuhkan dalam perhitungan analisis struktur pohon. Oleh karena itu, penelitian
ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi metode, mendapatkan nilai konversi kerapatan
tajuk berdasarkan luasan area terhadap bobot dan volume, dan mengetahui stabilitas
struktur akibat beban sendiri.
Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 pohon decurrent dengan kondisi sehat.
Volume dan kerapatan tajuk berdasarkan luasan area dihitung dengan
menggunakan analisis keragaan fisik. Pemangkasan tajuk dilakukan untuk
mendapatkan nilai volume dan kerapatan tajuk berdasarkan luasan area yang baru.
Biomassa tajuk (daun, ranting, dan cabang) hasil pemangkasan ditimbang untuk
mendapatkan bobot tajuk. Analisis matematis dikembangkan untuk mengkonversi
nilai kerapatan tajuk berdasarkan luasan area (?cd, %) terhadap bobot dan volume
tajuk (?ob, kg.m-3
). Selanjutnya, perhitungan analisis struktur akibat beban sendiri
dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pohon dengan tipe pertumbuhan
decurrent memiliki angka konversi sebesar 0,06 dan kerapatan tajuk sekitar 2,95
kg.m-3
, yang lebih tinggi daripada studi referensi untuk pohon dengan tipe
pertumbuhan excurrent, yang melaporkan nilai kerapatan tajuk sebesar 1,9 kg.m-3
.
Analisis structural pohon menunjukkan bahwa delapan pohon tidak aman dan tujuh
pohon sangat aman. Nilai faktor keamanan setelah pemangkasan lebih tinggi 6,67%
daripada sebelum pemangkasan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan kondisi
morfometri pohon akibat pemangkasan dapat meningkatkan nilai keamanan pohon.
Karena penelitian kami berlaku untuk pohon decurrent, yang umum terjadi pada
jenis pohon daun lebar dan pohon tropis, maka hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan
sebagai referensi untuk studi analisis lain yang berkaitan dengan struktur pohon. Trees have various important ecological, economic, sociocultural, and aesthetic functions, particularly in urban landscapes. Therefore, urban trees are important assets for people living in urban areas. Under certain conditions, due to natural environmental pressures in the form of rain, wind, and storms, as well as tree damage due to pest and disease attacks, trees can potentially endanger the surrounding environment. One way to estimate the safety condition of a tree is to calculate the safety factor through a tree structural analysis. One important step in analyzing tree structure is calculating the self-weight load from the trunk and crown. The calculation of trunk weight is usually derived from wood mass density. Crown density is commonly calculated based on the percentage of the crown area. Previous studies did not clearly state a method for determining and obtaining crown density values based on crown weight and volume. Calculation with an approach combining several methods of determining tree crown characteristics based on crown weight, crown volume, and crown density in area (%) is required. The results of these calculations were used to convert the crown density unit values from area to crown weight and volume required in tree structure analysis calculations. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the method, obtain the conversion value of crown density based on area to crown density based on weight and volume, and determine the structural stability due to self-weight. Fifteen healthy decurrent target trees were selected for this study. The volume and crown density based on the area (as a percentage) were calculated using physical appearance analysis. By design, the crown density was reduced through crown pruning to obtain a new crown density area. All crown masses of pruned leaf and wood branch twigs were collected and calculated to obtain their volume and weight. Mathematical analysis was developed to convert crown density values in terms of area (?cd, %) to crown weight and volume (?ob, kg.m-3 ). Subsequently, the calculation of the structural analysis subjected to internal load is performed. The results showed that the growth habit form of the decurrent trees had a conversion rate of 0.06 and crown density of approximately 2.95 kg.m-3 , which was higher than the reference study for excurrent trees, which reported a crown density value of 1.9 kg.m-3 . Structural analysis revealed that eight trees were unsafe and seven trees were very safe. The safety factor after pruning was 6.67% higher than that before pruning. This indicates that changes in tree morphometry owing to pruning can increase the safety factor of the tree. Since our study applies to decurrent trees, common in hardwood and tropical tree species, the result can be used as a reference for other analysis studies related to tree structure. |
| URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161114 |
| Appears in Collections: | MT - Forestry |
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| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cover_E2501231011_236cd609fb3d4dbf83408c2941650f82.pdf | Cover | 868.56 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| fulltext_E2501231011_e81ac8fd863044c9809038b691264d06.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 2.66 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
| lampiran_E2501231011_5ea8cb646a4c496bbab38f406c6bcb29.pdf Restricted Access | Lampiran | 2.49 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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