Peluruhan bahan organik pada proses transportasi sistem tertutup ikan komet (Carassius auratus auratus) dengan penambahan ekstrak daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides)

Abstract

Nilai ekspor ikan hias Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dengan rata-rata peningkatan 6.45 % per tahun. Salah satu negara pengimpor ikan hias di dunia, Amerika Serikat, membutuhkan waktu tempuh terjauh selama 48 jam. Sistem transportasi yang digunakan adalah sistem transportasi basah tertutup. Penanganan stres ikan pada fase transportasi saat ini menggunakan teknik anestesi, yaitu ekstrak daun bandotan yang berpotensi meningkatkan jumlah bahan organik di perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini analisis peluruhan bahan organik selama transportasi ikan komet dengan sistem tertutup yang ditambahkan ekstrak daun bandotan terhadap kualitas air dan respon stres. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak daun bandotan dengan dua dosis berbeda, 0,25 mg L-1 dan 0,50 mg L-1, yang ditambahkan pada wadah transportasi. Simulasi transportasi dilakukan selama 48 jam dengan sistem tertutup, lalu dilakukan pengambilan sampel setiap 8 jam selama proses transportasi. Identifikasi bahan organik dan peluruhan dapat dilihat dengan melihat nilai ultimate Biochemcical Oxygen Demand (UBOD) dan konstanta laju peluruhan bahan organik (k). Nilai k antar perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata, dengan rata-rata 0,302 hari-1. Nilai UBOD mengalami peningkatan pada jam ke-8 dan terus mengalami penurunan, dengan nilai terendah mencapai 4.26 – 4.46 mg L-1. Parameter TAN, NO2-, Glukosa, dan Kolesterol berbeda nyata antara perlakuan kontrol dan penambahan ekstrak daun bandotan. Penambahan ekstrak daun bandotan tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan akumulasi bahan organik di media air transportasi ikan komet. Dosis ekstrak daun bandotan terbaik adalah 0,4 ml L-1 dengan TKH 100%.

The export value of ornamental fish from Indonesia has increased, with an average growth of 6.45% per year. One of importirs ornamental fish in the world, USA, requires the longest travel time of 48 hours. The transportation system used a closed wet transportation system. The handling of fish stress during transportation uses anesthesia techniques, specifically the extract of bandotan leaves, which has the potential to increase the amount of organic matter. This research is to analyze the decomposition of organic material during the transportation of comet fish using a closed system that is supplemented with bandotan leaf extract, focusing on water quality and stress response. This research uses extract from bandotan leaves with two different doses, 0.25 mg L-1 and 0.50 mg L-1, which were added to the transport containers. Simulation was conducted for 48 hours using a closed system, followed by sampling every 8 hours during the process. The identification of organic materials and decomposition can be observed by looking at the ultimate Biochemical Oxygen Demand (UBOD) value and the decomposition rate constant of organic materials (k). The k values among treatments did not show significant differences, with an average of 0.302 day-1. The UBOD value increased at the 8th hour and continued to decline, with the lowest value reaching 4.26–4.46 mg L-1. The parameters TAN, NO2-, glucose, and cholesterol showed significant differences between the control treatment and the addition of bandotan leaf extract. The addition of bandotan leaf extract does not affect the increase in organic material accumulation in the media for transporting comet fish. The best dosage of bandotan leaf extract is 0.4 ml L-1 with a 100% survival rate.