Pengaruh Pengawetan ACQ (Alkaline Copper Quaternary) Sistem Rendaman Dingin terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Kayu.

Abstract

Kayu merupakan bahan baku yang populer di Indonesia, digunakan mulai dari properti kecil hingga rangka bangunan. Persediaan kayu dari hutan alam terus berkurang baik dari segi mutu maupun jumlahnya. Kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis) berada pada kelas kuat III, sedangkan kayu jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) pada kelas kuat V. Kedua jenis kayu ini berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai substitusi, namun karena kelas kekuatan dan kelas keawetannya masih cukup rendah, perlu dilakukan peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan sifat fisis dan mekanis kayu karet dan kayu jabon yang diberi perlakuan perendaman Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ) dengan kondisi normal. Sampel balok kayu dipotong sesuai standar ASTM D 143 dan direndam dalam larutan ACQ selama sembilan hari sesuai standar CTI STD-112. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisis kedua jenis kayu meningkat setelah perendaman ACQ. Secara keseluruhan, kayu karet memiliki sifat fisis dan mekanis yang lebih baik dibandingkan kayu jabon. Selain itu, sebagian besar sifat mekanis kedua jenis kayu juga meningkat setelah perlakuan perendaman ACQ. Peningkatan nilai tertinggi terdapat pada pengujian MOR kayu karet yaitu sebesar 56%.

Wood is a popular raw material in Indonesia, used from small properties to wood frame building. However, the supply of wood from natural forests continues to decline in both quality and quantity. Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) is classified as strength class III, while jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba) is classified as strength class V. These two types of wood have potential as substitutes, but due to their relatively low strength classes and low durability class, improvements are necessary. This study compares the physical and mechanical properties of rubberwood and jabon wood treated with Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ) soaking and under normal conditions. Wood block samples were cut according to ASTM D 143 standards and soaked in an ACQ solution for nine days following CTI STD-112 standards. The results showed that the physical properties of both wood types improved after ACQ soaking. Overall, rubberwood exhibited better physical and mechanical properties than jabon wood. Additionally, most of the mechanical properties of both types of wood also increased after ACQ soaking treatment. The highest increased value was found in the rubber wood MOR test, which amounted to 56%.