Studi Potensi Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antidiabetes Madu Lebah tanpa Sengat dari Beberapa Wilayah di Indonesia

Abstract

Diabetes merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah. Penyebab terjadinya diabetes melitus yaitu adanya radikal bebas. Madu merupakan salah satu sumber makanan yang mengandung gizi lengkap seperti protein, enzim, asam amino, mineral, dan zat fitokimia. Keberagaman madu dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan asal daerah, musim, jenis lebah, sumber nektar, cara hidup lebah, cara pemanenan dan cara penanganan pasca panen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dan antidiabetes madu lebah tanpa sengat dari beberapa wilayah di Indonesia dan dibandingkan dengan madu dari lebah Apis mellifera. Madu diperoleh dari hasil panen mandiri dan membeli dari mitra. Madu disimpan pada suhu 15°C. Antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH dan antidiabetes menggunakan uji inhibitor a-glukosidase. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi yaitu madu lebah Tetragonula biroi Dramaga IC50 24,99 ppm dan terendah yaitu madu Heterotrigona itama Sukabumi IC50 529,95 ppm. % inhibisi tertinggi yaitu madu lebah Tetragonula biroi Makassar 67,09% dan % inihibisi terendah yaitu madu lebah Heterotrigona itama Sukabumi 50,85%. % inhibisi antidiabetes tertinggi yaitu madu lebah Tetragonula biroi Makasar 90,43% dan % inhibisi terendah yaitu madu lebah Heterotrigona itama Dramaga 83,05%.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. The cause of diabetes mellitus is the presence of free radicals. Honey is one of the food sources that contains complete nutrition such as protein, enzymes, amino acids, minerals, and phytochemicals. The diversity of honey is influenced by differences in region of origin, season, type of bee, nectar source, bee lifestyle, harvesting method and post-harvest handling method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of stingless bee honey from several regions in Indonesia and compared with honey from Apis mellifera bees. Honey was obtained from independent harvests and purchased from partners. Honey was stored at 15°C. Antioxidants were tested using the DPPH method and antidiabetic using the a-glucosidase inhibitor test. The highest antioxidant activity was Tetragonula biroi Dramaga honey IC50 24.99 ppm and the lowest was Heterotrigona itama Sukabumi honey IC50 529.95 ppm. The highest % inhibition is Tetragonula biroi Makassar bee honey 67.09% and the lowest % inhibition is Heterotrigona itama Sukabumi bee honey 50.85%. The highest % antidiabetic inhibition is Tetragonula biroi Makasar bee honey 90.43% and the lowest % inhibition is Heterotrigona itama Dramaga bee honey 83.05%