Hasil Tangkapan Sampingan (bycatch) Hiu yang Didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Cilacap

Abstract

Minimnya informasi terkait pendataan hiu telah menjadi isu penting di Indonesia. PPS Cilacap menjadi salah satu pelabuhan terbanyak yang mendaratkan hiu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskrpsikan unit penangkapan yang memiliki hasil tangkapan sampingan hiu di PPS Cilacap, mengidentifikasi jenis hiu serta mengklasifikasikan status konservasinya, mengetahui perspektif nelayan terkait peraturan penangkapan hiu, dan memberikan rekomendasi ilmiah terkait penangkapan hiu di Indonesia. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 3 unit penangkapan di PPS Cilacap yang menangkap hiu yaitu jaring insang hanyut, pancing ulur dan rawai tuna. Selain itu, terdapat 17 spesies yang ditemukan berada pada status Critically endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near threatened (NT), dan Least concern (LC). 14 spesies hiu yang tertangkap masih dalam kategori tidak layak tangkap. 62% nelayan yang memiliki hasil tangkapan sampingan hiu masih belum mengetahui secara spesifik terkait peraturan penangkapan hiu yang berlaku di Indonesia.

The insufficient data collection on sharks has emerged as a critical issue, particularly with the rise in shark fishing activities in Indonesia. Cilacap fishing port is notably one of the major ports where sharks are frequently landed. This study aims to detail the fishing units that incidentally catch sharks and land them at Cilacap fishing port, identify the shark species, and classify their conservation statuses. Additionally, it seeks to understand fishers' perspectives on shark fishing regulations and provide scientific recommendations for shark fishing practices in Indonesia. The analysis employed is both descriptive and comparative descriptive. The results of the study showed that there were three fishing units at the Cilacap Fishing port that caught sharks, namely drift gillnets, handline, and tuna longline. In addition, there are 17 species found to be in the status of Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near Threatened (NT), and Least concerned (LC). 14 species of sharks caught are still in the category of not suitable for fishing. 62% fishers who catched shark bycatch were still unaware of specific regulations on shark capture in Indonesia.