Analisis Pendapatan dan Rekomendasi Skema Kemitraan Petani Jambu Kristal (Psidium guajava L) (Studi Kasus: Agribusiness and Technology Park, Kabupaten Bogor)

Abstract

Jawa Barat memiliki potensi jambu kristal (Psidium guajava L) sebagai sumber pendapatan petani. Kabupaten Bogor merupakan wilayah potensial terluas untuk produksi jambu kristal dibandingkan kabupaten lain di Jawa Barat. Akan tetapi, dalam pelaksanaan budidaya jambu kristal, petani menghadapi kendala. Agribusiness and Technology Park (ATP) sebagai lembaga bisnis memiliki program kemitraan yang dapat membantu petani dalam budidaya. Kehadiran ATP tidak mengakibatkan seluruh petani jambu kristal terlibat dalam program kemitraan sehingga terdapat perbedaan pendapatan antara petani mitra dengan petani non mitra. Selain itu, program kemitraan perlu dilakukan penyesuaian agar manfaat yang ditimbulkan lebih baik lagi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) membandingkan pendapatan petani mitra dengan petani non mitra, serta (2) merekomendasikan perbaikan skema kemitraan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode R/C rasio dan Interpretive Structural Model (ISM). Berdasarkan penelitian, petani mitra memiliki pendapatan tertinggi Rp111.089.000 Ha/tahun, sedangkan petani non mitra memiliki pendapatan tertinggi Rp91.448.000 Ha/tahun. Perbaikan skema kemitraan harus memperhatikan elemen tujuan, kendala, kebutuhan, serta aktivitas yang dalam penelitian ini mengarah kepada bantuan akses kredit bagi petani.

West Java has the potential to use guava (Psidium guajava L) as a source of farmers' income. Bogor district is the greatest potential region for guava production compared to other districts in West Java. However, the farmers discover obstacles while cultivating guava. Agribusiness and Technology Park (ATP), as a business institution, has a partnership program that can help farmers. The presence of ATP does not mean that all guava farmers are involved in the partnership program, so there is a gap in income between partner farmers and non-partner farmers. In addition, the partnership program needs to be adjusted to make the benefits even better. The study aims to (1) compare the income of partner farmers with that of non-partner farmers, (2) recommend improvements to the partnership scheme. R/C ratio and Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) are used for analysis methods. Based on the research, partner farmers have the highest income of 111,089,000 IDR per hectare per year, while non-partner farmers have the highest income of 91,448,000 IDR per hectare per year. Improvements to the partnership scheme should consider the elements of purpose, constraints, needs, and activities to be undertaken, which in this study lead to facilitating access to credit for farmers.