Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/159043
Title: Evaluasi Daya Gabung dan Keragaan Hibrida Jagung Manis (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.) Rakitan IPB pada Dua Lokasi
Other Titles: Evaluation on Combining Ability and Performace of Hybrid Sweet Corn (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.) IPB Assembly in Two Locations
Authors: Kusumo, Yudiwanti Wahyu Endro
Syukur, Muhamad
Ritonga, Arya Widura
Firdausi
Issue Date: 2024
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Jagung manis (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura populer yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani di Indonesia, selain dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar, komoditas ini juga memiliki diferensiasi produk berbasis industri makanan segar, makanan kaleng dan makanan beku. Namun sayangnya budidaya jagung manis memiliki banyak kendala, salah satunya ialah produktivitas yang menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi daya gabung dan keragaan hibrida untuk mendapatkan hibrida jagung manis IPB yang potensial sebagai kandidat varietas unggul berdaya hasil tinggi. Penelitian menggunakan 7 tetua jagung manis yang disilangkan menggunakan metode dialel penuh sehingga didapatkan 42 hibrida jagung manis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi persilangan SM6.3.2 x SB8.4.3 terpilih sebagai kombinasi terbaik berdasarkan nilai duga DGK (Daya Gabung Khusus) tertinggi pada karakter komponen hasil, hasil dan DGK yang tinggi pada karakter agronomi. Kombinasi lain SM9.3A.1 x SB8.4.3 dan SM9.3A.1x SB13.13B.16 juga menunjukkan nilai DGK yang tinggi dalam berbagai karakter agronomi, komponen hasil dan hasil. Hibrida SM9.3A.1 x SB13.13B.16 memiliki nilai negatif tertinggi pada umur berbunga, menunjukkan genjah. Analisis keragaan menunjukkan Lokasi Leuwikopo memiliki rata-rata keragaan karakter agronomi pada genotipe tetua dan hibrida jagung manis lebih baik dibandingkan lokasi Pasir Kuda. Lokasi Leuwikopo menunjukkan rata-rata keragaan karakter komponen hasil dan padatan terlarut terbaik pada genotipe tetua dan hibrida jagung manis dibandingkan lokasi Pasir Kuda. Sedangkan lokasi Pasir Kuda menunjukkan rata-rata keragaan karakter produktivitas lebih baik dibandingkan lokasi Leuwikopo pada genotipe tetua dan hibrida jagung manis. Hibrida yang memiliki nilai keragaan yang baik pada karakter agronomi, komponen hasil dan hasil dan stabil di dua lingkungan pengujian ialah SM6.3.2 x SB13.13B.16, SM6.3.2 x SB8.4.3, SM9.3A.1 x SB8.4.3, SB13.13B.16 x SM9.3A.1 dan SB13.13B.16 x SM12.2.1. Ke-lima Kombinasi ini juga memiliki nilai heterosis yang diinginkan, yaitu positif pada semua karakter kecuali karakter kemanisan, umur berbunga jantan dan betina serta sudut daun. Lima hibrida diatas layak dikembangkan sebagai kandidat varietas hibrida unggul baru berpotensi hasil tinggi dengan ciri khas tongkol yang besar
Sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.) was one of the famous horticultural crops widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. Besides being consumed in the form of scattered corn, this commodity also had product differentiation based on the fresh food industry, canned food, and frozen food. Unfortunately, sweet corn cultivation faced many obstacles, including declining productivity. This study evaluated the combining ability and hybrid performance to obtain potential IPB sweet corn hybrids as candidates for high-yielding varieties. The study used seven sweet corn elders crossed using the complete diallel method to get 42 sweet corn hybrids. The results showed that the SM6.3.2 x SB8.4.3 crosses were selected as the best combination based on the highest SCA (Spesific Combining Ability) predictive value in yield component characters, yield, and high SCA in agronomic characters. Other combinations, such as SM9.3A.1 x SB8.4.3 and SM9.3A.1 x SB13.13B.16, also showed high SCA values in various agronomic characters, yield components, and yield. The SM9.3A.1 x SB13.13B.16 hybrid had the highest negatif value in flowering age, indicating early maturity. Performance analysis showed that the Leuwikopo location had an average performance of agronomic characters in the parent genotypes and sweet corn hybrids that was better than the Pasir Kuda location. The Leuwikopo location showed the best average performance of yield component characters and sweetness levels in the parent genotypes and sweet corn hybrids compared to the Pasir Kuda location. Meanwhile, the Pasir Kuda location showed an average performance of productivity characters that was better than the Leuwikopo location in the parental genotypes and sweet corn hybrids. Hybrids with good performance values in agronomic characters, yield components, yields, and stability in two test environments were SM6.3.2 x SB13.13B.16, SM6.3.2 x SB8.4.3, SM9.3A.1 x SB8.4.3, SB13.13B.16 x SM9.3A.1, and SB13.13B.16 x SM12.2.1. These five combinations also had the desired heterosis values, which were positive in all characters except for the sweetness character, male and female flowering age, and leaf angle. The five hybrids above were worthy of being developed as candidates for new superior hybrid varieties with high yield potential characterized by large ears.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/159043
Appears in Collections:MT - Agriculture

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