Kebijakan Daerah Sumatera Barat Dalam Percepatan Perhutanan Sosial (Studi Kasus: Hutan Nagari Salibutan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat).

Abstract

Sumatera Barat merupakan daerah yang memiliki 82% atau 950 nagari/desa sekitar hutan. Banyaknya nagari di sekitar hutan akan menyebabkan ketergantungan akan sumber daya hutan. Pemerintah Sumatera Barat menjadikan kehutanan sebagai fokus pembangunan. Program perhutanan sosial merupakan harapan baru bagi pemerintah dalam peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Pemprov Sumbar membuat kebijakan daerah berupa Pergub Sumbar No 52 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelaksanaan Fasilitasi Perhutanan Sosial sebagai bentuk keseriusan dalam percepatan perhutanan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis Pergub Sumbar No. 52 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelaksanaan Fasilitasi Perhutanan Sosial dan perkembangan perhutanan sosial Sumatera Barat, (2) Menganalisis implementasi Pergub Sumbar No. 52 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelaksanaan Fasilitasi Perhutanan Sosial di Hutan Nagari Salibutan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam (in depth interview) dan kajian literatur. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, analisis konten dan analisis implementasi kebijakan Grindle (1980). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pergub Sumbar No 52 Tahun 2018 tentang Pelaksanaan Fasilitasi Perhutanan Sosial dapat menjadi pendorong percepatan perhutanan sosial karena mengatur terkait fasilitasi kepada masyarakat, kelembagaan sebagai wadah kolaborasi, monitoring evaluasi, dan pembiayaan untuk pengelolaan perhutanan sosial. Pergub ini mengatur tentang percepatan perhutanan sosial, penyelesaian konflik tenurial, dan sinkronisasi peran para pihak dalam perhutanan sosial. Implementasi Pergub Sumbar No 52 Tahun 2018 dapat dilaksanakan cukup baik di lapangan dilihat dari keterlaksanaannya. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa isi Pergub yang belum terlaksana secara optimal seperti adanya keterlibatan aktif dari OPD lain dalam perhutanan sosial. Pergub ini membawa dampak dan perubahan yang positif di Hutan Nagari Salibutan dilihat dari kriteria evaluasi menurut Permen LHK No 9 Tahun 2021 meliputi aspek administrasi, ekologi, sosial, dan ekonomi. Adanya Pergub ini dapat membantu masyarakat yang ingin mengajukan permohonan izin perhutanan sosial berupa bantuan fasilitasi hingga pendanaan.

West Sumatra is an area that has 82% or 950 nagari/villages around the forest. The number of nagari around the forest will cause dependence on forest resources. The West Sumatra government has made forestry a focus of development. The social forestry program is a new hope for the government in improving the economy of communities around the forest. The West Sumatra Provincial Government made a regional policy in the form of West Sumatra Governor Regulation No. 52/2018 on the Implementation of Social Forestry Facilitation as a form of seriousness in accelerating social forestry. This research aims to: (1) analyze the Governor Regulation of West Sumatra No. 52/2018 on the Implementation of Social Forestry Facilitation and the development of social forestry in West Sumatra, (2) analyze the implementation of the Governor Regulation of West Sumatra No. 52/2018 on the Implementation of Social Forestry Facilitation in Salibutan Nagari Forest. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interviews and literature review. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative approach, content analysis and Grindle (1980) policy implementation analysis. The results showed that West Sumatra Governor Regulation No. 52/2018 on the Implementation of Social Forestry Facilitation can be a driver of social forestry acceleration because it regulates facilitation to the community, institutions as a forum for collaboration, monitoring and evaluation, and financing for social forestry management. This gubernatorial regulation regulates the acceleration of social forestry, tenurial conflict resolution, and synchronization of the roles of parties in social forestry. The implementation of the West Sumatra Governor Regulation No 52/2018 can be implemented quite well in the field as seen from its implementation. However, there are still some contents of the Governor Regulation that have not been optimally implemented, such as the active involvement of other OPDs in social forestry. This gubernatorial regulation has brought positive impacts and changes in the Salibutan Nagari Forest seen from the evaluation criteria according to Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 9 of 2021 including administrative, ecological, social, and economic aspects. The existence of this governor regulation can help people who want to apply for a social forestry license in the form of facilitation assistance to funding.