Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Nanopartikel Perak (AgNPs) dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik Berbasis Gel Lidah Buaya, Kitosan, dan Gliserol

Abstract

Plastik konvensional yang berbahan dasar minyak bumi dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan global. Bioplastik menawarkan solusi yang ramah lingkungan karena terbuat dari bahan alami yang mudah terurai. Penambahan nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) pada edible film yang dibuat dengan gel lidah buaya-kitosan dan gliserol berpotensi menciptakan bioplastk yang bersifat antibakteri. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat efek dari penambahan AgNPs pada edible film berbasis gel lidah buaya-kitosan dan gliserol yang dibuat dengan metode solution casting, serta melihat pengaruh penambahan variasi volume AgNPs terhadap karakteristik edible film. Karakterisasi meliputi uji ketebalan, uji biodegradasi, uji water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), uji swelling, uji masa simpan produk, dan analisis gugus fungsi Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Penambahan nanopartikel perak berpengaruh pada ketebalan film bioplastik. Waktu edible film terdegradasi sempurna yaitu 21 hari. Nilai WVTR 3,747 g/m2.jam – 4,019 g/m2.jam. Nilai %swelling 28,382% - 42,275%. Secara garis besar, penambahan AgNPs ke edible film adalah hal yang menjanjikan karena dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk sebagai pembungkus makanan

Conventional petroleum-based plastic can cause global environmental pollution. Bioplastic offer an environmentally friendly solution as they are made from natural source materials that are easily biodegradable. The additon of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to edible film made with aloe vera gel-chitosan and glycerol has the potential to create antibacterial bioplastic. This research aims to investigate the effect of adding AgNPs to aloe vera gel-chitosan and glycerol based edible films prepared by the solution casting method, as well as the effect of adding different volume of AgNPs on the characteristics of edible films. Characterization includes thickness, biodegradation, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), swelling ratio, product shelf-life test, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) functional group analysis. The additon of silver nanoparticles affects the thickness of bioplastic films. The time for edible films to completely degrade is 21 days. The WVTR value is g/m2.hr - 4,019 g/m2.hr. The swelling ratio is 28,382% - 42,275%. Largely, adding AgNPs to edible films is promising as it can extend shelf-life of various food product as food packaging