Kandungan Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Penghambatan Denaturasi Protein Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Kayu Bajakah (Uncaria sp.) In Vitro

Abstract

Kayu bajakah (Uncaria sp.) merupakan tumbuhan asli Kalimantan berbentuk batang bersulur dan tumbuh merambat yang berpotensi sebagai obat herbal antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan aktivitas penghambatan denaturasi protein dari hasil ekstrak etanol kulit kayu bajakah secara in vitro. Simplisia di ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70% yang kemudian dipekatkan menjadi ekstrak pasta. Kemudian, dilakukan uji fitokimia kualitatif, uji kadar total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas penghambatan denaturasi protein. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak kulit kayu bajakah mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, fenolik, tanin dan saponin. Hasil kadar total fenolik lebih besar (27,756 ± 0,742 mg GAE/g ekstrak) dibandingkan kadar total flavonoid (11,556 ± 0,306 mg QE/g ekstrak). Aktivitas penghambatan denaturasi protein kulit kayu bajakah memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 53,807 ppm. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan ekstrak kulit kayu bajakah berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi yang tergolong kuat sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal antiinflamasi.

Bajakah wood (Uncaria sp.) is a plant native to Kalimantan which has the potential as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine. This study aimed to determine the total phenolics, total flavonoids and protein denaturation inhibition activity of the ethanol extract of bajakah bark in vitro. Simplicia extracted using maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent which concentrated into a paste extract. Then, qualitative phytochemical tests were carried out, total phenolic and flavonoid levels, anti-inflammatory activity using protein denaturation inhibition method. The results showed that Bajakah bark extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenolics, tannins and saponins. The results of total phenolic content were greater (27,756 ± 0,742 mg GAE/g extract) than total flavonoid content (11,556 ± 0,306 mg QE/g extract). The protein denaturation inhibition activity of bajakah bark had an IC50 value of 53.807 ppm. These results showed that bajakah bark extract had the potential to be a strong anti-inflammatory, so it had the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.