Teknik Kultur Jaringan Rumput Laut Kotoni Kappahycus alvarezii Fase Mikropropagul di Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BBPBL) Lampung

Abstract

Permintaan terhadap rumput laut kotoni tidak selalu terpenuhi karena terdapat hambatan dalam teknik budidaya, seperti kekurangan nutrisi selama masa pertumbuhan, gulma, penyakit, predator seperti ikan, kondisi musim atau iklim, dan bibit yang kurang baik. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan proyek akhir yaitu untuk melaksanakan kegiatan kultur jaringan rumput laut kotoni Kappaphycus alvarezii di Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BBPBL), Lampung. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan berupa mempersiapkan alat; bahan dan media; sterilisasi alat dan media; kultur mikropropagul; dan pengukuran kualitas air. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 42 hari dan menghasilkan kenaikan bobot, panjang, dan diameter. Bobot awal 6,78 g menjadi 7,68 g. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik pada minggu pertama pemeliharaan yaitu 0,62 % hari-1 dan pada minggu terakhir pemeliharaan yaitu 0,36 % hari-1. Mikropropagul mengalami kenaikan panjang sebesar 2,82 cm dan diameter 1 mm. Perbanyakan benih kotoni secara in vitro dapat menghasilkan benih bermutu berdasarkan bobot, panjang, dan diameter propagul. Pertumbuhan mikropropagul dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu media, kepadatan mikropropagul dalam satu botol kultur, dan kualitas air.

Demand for kotoni seaweed is not always met because there are obstacles in cultivation techniques, such as nutrient deficiencies during the growth period, weeds, diseases, predators such as fish, seasonal or climatic conditions, and poor seed quality. The purpose of implementing the final project was to carry out tissue culture activities of kotoni seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii at Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BBPBL), Lampung. Activities carried out involves preparing equipment, materials, and media; sterilizing equipment and media; micropropagule culture; and measuring water quality. Maintenance was conducted for 42 days and increased weight, length, and diameter. The initial weight was 6.78 g became 7.68 g. The specific growth rate in the first week was 0.62 % day-1, and in the last week of maintenance was 0.36 % day-1. Micropropagules experienced an increase in length 2.82 cm and diameter 1 mm. In vitro, the propagation of kotoni seeds can produce quality seeds based on the weight, length, and diameter of the propagules. Micropropagule growth is influenced by several factors, namely media, micropropagule density in one culture bottle, and water quality.