Tingkat Serangan Hama PBK dan Helopeltis Pada Buah Kakao di Kebun KendengLembu PTPN XII, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur.

Abstract

Tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan dari subsektor perkebunan yang perananannya cukup penting bagi perekonomian nasional. Tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) memiliki dua hama utama yaitu Penggerek Buah Kakao (PBK) (Conopomorpha cramerella Snell) dan penghisap buah kakao (Helopeltis antonii). Serangan hama penghisap buah kakao Helopeltis merupakan salah satu penyebab menurunnya produksi kakao. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya yaitu faktor pemeliharaan seperti pengendalian hama, pemangkasan, Penelitian bertujuan mengukur tingkat serangan hama PBK dan kerusakan buah kakao akibat Helopeltis di PTPN XII KendengLembu Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung selama empat bulan mulai dari bulan Agustus – November 2023. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif pengolahan data secara kuantitatif dilakukan dengan analisis data menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan rata-rata. Tingkat serangan Helopeltis berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di empat lahan kakao menunjukkan rata-rata luas serangan hama PBK tertinggi ditemukan di kebun Pager Gunung dengan blok E5 yaitu 65,5%, dan luas serangan terendah ditemukan di kebun Pager Gunung dengan blok C8 yaitu 35,75%. Tingkat kerusakan kakao berdasarkan hasil rata-rata di empat lahan kakao menunjukkan luas kerusakan buah serangan hama PBK tertinggi ditemukan di kebun Semampir dengan blok H6 yaitu 23,14%, dan luas serangan terendah ditemukan di kebun Pager Gunung dengan blok E5 yaitu sebesar 8,12%.

The cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the leading commodities in the plantation subsector whose role is quite important for the national economy. Cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao L.) have two main pests, namely the Cocoa Pod Borer (CPB) (Conopomorpha cramerella Snell) and the cacao pod sucker (Helopeltis antonii). Attacks by the cocoa fruit-sucking pest Helopeltis are one of the causes of decreased cocoa production. One of the causal factors is maintenance factors such as pest control, pruning. The research aims to measure the level of PBK pest attacks and damage to cocoa pods due to Helopeltis at PTPN XII KendengLembu Banyuwangi, East Java. The research implementation time lasted for four months starting from August - November 2023. Using quantitative methods, quantitative data processing was carried out by analyzing data using the Microsoft Excel application and presented in the form of tables and averages. The level of Helopeltis attacks based on observations in four cocoa fields showed that the highest average area of attack by PBK pests was found in the Pager Gunung plantation with block E5, namely 65.5%, and the lowest area of attack was found in the Pager Gunung plantation with block C8, namely 35.75%. . The level of cocoa damage based on the average results in four cocoa fields shows that the highest area of damage to fruit from PBK pest attacks was found in the Semampir plantation with block H6, namely 23.14%, and the lowest area of attack was found in the Pager Gunung plantation with block E5, namely 8.12%.