Analisis Konsumsi Energi dan Protein di Wilayah Barat, Tengah, dan Timur Indonesia Tahun 2022

Abstract

Indonesia terbagi menjadi wilayah barat, tengah, dan timur. Setiap wilayah memiliki karakteristik lingkungan, alam, dan karakteristik penduduk yang berbeda. Perbedaan tersebut mempengaruhi konsumsi pangan yang menentukan konsumsi energi dan protein. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsumsi energi dan protein di ketiga wilayah. Penelitian menggunakan desain ekologis dan dilakukan pada April-Mei 2024. Data bersumber dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional. Subjek penelitian adalah 34 provinsi Indonesia. Pengolahan data menggunakan Microsoft excel 2021 untuk mengetahui rata-rata konsumsi dan ragam populasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sumbangan energi terbesar di wilayah ketiga wilayah berasal dari padi-padian, makanan dan minuman jadi, serta minyak dan kelapa. Khusus di wilayah timur umbi-umbian juga berkontribusi besar. Konsumsi protein terbesar di ketiga wilayah berasal dari padi-padian selanjutnya di wilayah barat berasal dari kelompok makanan dan minuman jadi sedangkan di kedua wilayah lainnya dari kelompok ikan/udang/cumi/kerang. Kecukupan energi di wilayah barat dan tengah adalah sebesar 99,1 % dan 97,8 % sedangkan di wilayah timur hanya sebesar 88,8 % dan tergolong defisit ringan. Kecukupan protein di wilayah barat sebesar 110%, di wilayah tengah sebesar 109,6 %, dan di wilayah timur sebesar 91,2 %. Kecukupan protein ketiganya tergolong normal.

Indonesia divides into western, central, and eastern regions. Each has different environmental, natural and population characteristics. These differences affect food consumption, which determines energy and protein consumption. Research aims to determine the differences in energy and protein consumption in the three regions. Research using ecological design and conducted in April-May 2024. Data sourced from the National Socio-Economic Survey. The subjects were 34 provinces of Indonesia. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2021 to determine the average consumption and population variation. Research shows that the largest energy contributions in three regions come from grains, food and processed beverages, and oil and coconut. Especially in the eastern region tubers also contributed greatly. The largest protein consumption in all three regions came from grains. The next largest protein in the western region came from the food and processed beverages group while in the other two regions from the fish/shrimp/squid/chicken group. Energy adequacy in the western and central regions was 99.1 % and 97.8 % while in the eastern region it was only 88.8% and classified as a mild deficit. Protein adequacy in western region was 110%, in central region was 109.6 %, and in eastern region was 91.2%. The protein adequacy considered normal in all regions.