Pola Pergerakan Tikus pada Perlakuan Linear Trap Barrier System (LTBS) di antara Ekosistem Sawah dan Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

Upaya peningkatan hasil panen dan luas lahan berkorelasi terhadap populasi hama tikus yang menyerang padi dan tandan sawit, sehingga dibutuhkan pendekatan alternatif sebagai langkah awal pengendalian tikus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pola pergerakan tikus di antara ekosistem sawah dan kelapa sawit. Sebanyak tiga unit LTBS dipasang di antara sawah dan kebun kelapa sawit selama 107 hari, satu unit terdiri atas enam multiple live trap. Dilakukan pengamatan pergerakan tikus, serangan tikus di sawah dan kebun kelapa sawit, serta manajemen hama oleh petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pergerakan tikus paling tinggi terjadi pada stadia awal generatif. Stadia pertumbuhan padi memengaruhi nisbah kelamin tikus, namun tidak dengan arah pergerakannya. LTBS terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi tingkat serangan tikus. Meskipun demikian, tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap petani merupakan kelemahan utama dalam mengendalikan hama. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pengembangan strategi pengendalian yang lebih efektif dan tepat sasaran.

Efforts to increase crop yields and land area correlate with rat populations attacking rice and oil palm bunches, so an alternative approach is needed as a first step in rat control. This study aims to identify and analyze the movement patterns of rats between rice and oil palm ecosystems. A total of three LTBS units were installed between rice fields and oil palm plantations for 107 days, one unit consisting of six multiple live traps. Observations were made on rat movement, rat infestation in rice fields and oil palm plantations, and pest management by farmers. The results showed that the highest rat movement pattern occurred in the early generative stage. Stadia of rice growth affected the sex ratio of rats, but not the direction of movement. LTBS proved effective in reducing the level of rat infestation. However, the level of knowledge and attitude of farmers are the main weaknesses in controlling pests. The results of this study can be used as a reference in developing more effective and targeted control strategies.