Morfometrik Sapi Friesien dan Holstein Terhadap Produksi Susu Periode Laktasi Berbeda Menggunakan Citra Digital

Abstract

Morphometrics is a quantitative analysis of the body which includes shape and size which is used to describe the characteristics of cattle. Morphometric measurements can increase milk production in dairy cows. However, manual morphometric measurements pose several problems, including causing livestock to become more easily stressed, measurements become less accurate because livestock move too much and can even pose a risk of livestock aggressiveness which causes researchers to be injured by livestock attacks. Based on these constraints, it is necessary to develop morphometric measurements, especially chest circumference and body length of dairy cows, to be used to calculate body weight more easily and reduce this risk. The solution for easier and more effective morphometric measurements is digital image processing from photos of dairy cows taken from a smartphone camera with the help of Image J and then processing the digital image using edge detection to determine the morphometric size of dairy cows. This study aims to analyze the morphometrics of Friesian and Holstein cows regarding milk production in different lactation periods using digital images. Morphometric parameters in this study included body length, height, chest width and weight. Other parameters are milk production and Body Condition Score (BCS). This research method uses descriptive statistics, comparative test analysis, pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the research showed that body length, height, chest circumference and weight of Holstein cattle were superior to Friesian cattle at the three locations of Pondok Rangon, Lembang and Kunak. The chest width of Holstein cattle is wider than that of Friesian cattle. Body Condition Score (BCS) for Friesian and Holstein cattle is in the BCS 4 range, which shows that Friesian and Holstein cattle have ideal body condition. Milk production in Friesian cows tends to be stable during the period from lactation 1 to lactation 3. Cows that have a longer body, height, and weight and chest width have a tendency to produce optimal milk. Body length, height, chest width and weight influence the production of Friesian and Holstein cattle. Chest width and cow weight can influence milk production in Friesian and Holstein cows, forming one of the main factors. Another second factor is height, body length and lactation period.