Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/155660
Title: Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Ikan Kakatua (Scarus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1840) Di Perairan Kepulauan Seribu
Other Titles: Resource management of parrotfish (Scarus rivulataus, Valenciennes 1840) in Seribu Islands waters
Authors: Boer, Mennofatria
Butet, Nurlisa Alias
Nurfajar
Issue Date: 2024
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Perairan Kepulauan Seribu memiliki potensi perikanan tangkap yang tinggi, diantaranya perikanan kakatua. Tingginya intensitas penangkapan menyebabkan terjadinya gejala over eksploitasi seperti penurunan jumlah hasil tangkapan dan ukuran ikan hasil tangkapan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berujuan untuk menganalisis aspek-aspek dinamika populasi, mengkaji status stok dan merekomendasikan pengelolaan perikanan kakatua (S. rivulatus) yang berkelanjutan di perairan Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 12 bulan, dimulai dari bulan Januari hingga Desember 2022, bertempat di Pulau Panggang, Kepulauan Seribu. Ikan contoh dalam setiap kali pengambilan berkisar 80-300 ekor. Sebanyak 2.453 ekor ikan kakatua berhasil dikumpulkan, yang terdiri dari 1.045 ekor jantan dan 1.408 ekor betina. Pola pertumbuhan ikan kakatua memiliki nilai yang bervasirasi, jantan berkisar antara 2,85-3,11 dan betina 2,93-3,41.Sebaran frekuensi panjang diperoleh jantan berkisar 105-281 mm, sementara pada betina memiliki ukuran relatif lebih kecil berkisar 64-245 mm. Parameter pertumbuhan dari persamaan von Bertalanffy, jantan Lt = 31,24 [1-e-0,54(t-(-0,158))] dan betina Lt = 28,05 [1-e-0,75(t-(0,12))]. Panjang asimtotik jantan L8 = 312,4 mm dicapai pada umur 21 bulan, sementara betina L8 = 280,47 mm pada umur 15 bulan. Nilai Lc pada ikan jantan dengan ukuran 174 mm dan betina 147 mm. Nilai mortalitas penangkapan (F) lebih tinggi daripada mortalitas alami (M). Nilai laju ekploitasi (E) ikan kakatua di perairan Kepulauan Seribu, pada ikan jantan 0,63 dan betina 0,84, dimana keduanya telah melebihi nilai ekploitasi maximum dan terjadi penangkapan lebih. Analisis rasio potensi pemijahan (SPR) keduanya berada di bawah 20%. Hasil analisis Y/R ikan kakatua jantan mengalami peningkatan hingga mencapai maksimum pada saat mortalitas penangkapan sebesar (Fmax) 1,7 pertahun dengan Y/Rmax sebanyak 72,49 g/r dan biomassa B/Rmax sebanyak 42,64 g/r atau 15% dari Biomasa Virgin (BV). Sedangkan pada ikan betina Fmax =1,6 per tahun, dengan Y/Rmax sebesar 35,28 g/r dan B/Rmax 22,05 g/r atau 19% dari BV. Berdasarkan hasil kajian dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan rumusan pengelolaan yakni pengaturan upaya penangkapan dan pengaturan alat tangkap yang digunakan. Pengaturan upaya penangkapan berdasarkan pemanfaatan upaya acuan (F0.1). Pengaturan alat tangkap dilakukan dengan menentukan minimal ukuran ikan yang boleh ditangkap, sehingga ikan yang tertangkap dengan ukuran kecil bisa lolos. Kata kunci: dinamika populasi, eksploitasi, Scarus rivulatus, Kepulauan Seribu
The waters of the Seribu Islands have a high potential for capture fisheries, including parrotfish. The increase in fishing intensity will cause symptoms of exploitation such as a decrease in the number of catches and the size of the catch is decreasing. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze population dynamics, estimate stock status, and recommend management of parrotfish (S. rivulatus) sustainable in the Seribu Islands waters. This study was conducted for 12 months, from January to December 2022, on Panggang Island, Seribu Islands. Sample fish in each collection ranged from 80-300 fish. A total of 2,453 parrotfish (S. rivulatus) were collected, consisting of 1,045 males and 1,408 females. The growth pattern of parrotfish had a variable value, males ranging from 2.85-3.11 and females 2.93-3.41. The frequency distribution of length obtained by males ranged from 105-281 mm, while females had a relatively smaller size ranging from 64-245 mm. Growth parameters from the von Bertalanffy equation, male Lt = 31.24 [1-e-0.54(t-(-0.158))] and female Lt = 28.05 [1-e-0.75(t-(0.12))]. The asymptotic length of males L8 = 312.4 mm was reached at 21 months, while females L8 = 280.47 mm at 15 months. Lc values for male fish were 174 mm and 147 mm for females. Capture mortality (F) was higher than natural mortality (M). The value of the exploitation rate (E) of parrotfish in the Seribu Islands Waters, in males 0,63 and females 0,84, where both have exceeded the value of maximum exploitation and overfishing occurred. Analysis of the spawning potential ratio (SPR) showed that both were below 20%. The results of the Y/R analysis of male parrotfish increased to a maximum at a fishing mortality of (Fmax) 1.7 per year with Y/Rmax of 72.49 g/r and biomass B/Rmax of 42.64 g/r or 15% of Virgin Biomass (BV). While in female fish Fmax=1.6 per year, with Y/Rmax of 32.28 g/r and B/Rmax of 22.05 g/r or 19% of BV. Based on the results of the study in this research, it resulted in the formulation of management, namely the regulation of fishing effort and the regulation of fishing gear used. The regulation of fishing effort is based on the utilization of reference effort (F0.1). Setting fishing gear is done by determining the minimum size of fish that can be caught, so that fish caught with small sizes can escape. Keywords: population dynamics, exploitation, Scarus rivulatus, Seribu Islands
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/155660
Appears in Collections:MT - Fisheries

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