Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Lipase Pankreas Hasil Fraksinasi Asam Gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) In vitro

Abstract

Obesitas adalah penyakit dengan penimbunan lemak dalam jangka panjang yang mengakibatkan timbulnya penyakit degeneratif. Asam gelugur dapat bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan dan inhibitor lipase pankreas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kapasitas antioksidan, kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total, serta inhibisi lipase pankreas ekstrak kasar dan hasil fraksinasi asam gelugur. Ekstraksi dengan metode sonikasi pelarut etanol 70% kemudian difraksinasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, kloroform, dan akuades. Kadar fenolik total asam gelugur tertinggi dimiliki fraksi akuades 535,80 mg GAE/g ekstrak. Kadar flavonoid total tertinggi pada fraksi kloroform 751,04 mg QE/g ekstrak. Kapasitas antioksidan tertinggi pada metode FRAP ekstrak kasar dan pada DPPH fraksi akuades dengan nilai berurut yaitu 339,82 mg TE/ g ekstrak dan 936,52 mg TE/ g ekstrak. Inhibisi lipase pankreas pada konsentrasi 1000 mg/mL tertinggi dimiliki fraksi n-heksan sebesar 91,33% dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan orlistat 88,46%. Korelasi positif diperoleh antara kapasitas antioksidan metode DPPH dengan senyawa fenolik maupun flavonoid. Inhibisi lipase pankreas dengan kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total serta kapasitas antioksidan tidak berkorelasi.

Obesity is caused by long-term fatty accumulation leads to degenerative diseases. Asam gelugur can be useful as an antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitor. This study aimed to measure total phenolic and flavonoid content, the antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitor of crude extract and fractionated. Sonication method is used with ethanol 70% solvent and then multistage fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and aquades. The highest total phenolic content was observed in aquades fraction 535,80 mg GAE/g extract. The highest total flavonoid content was in the chloroform fraction 751,04 mg QE/g extract. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in FRAP method of crude extract and in DPPH of aquades method by aquades fraction with values of 339,82 mg TE/g extract and 936,52 mg TE/g extract. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase at 1000 mg/mL was highest in the n-hexane fraction at 91.33%. A positive correlation was found between the antioxidant capacity of DPPH method and phenolic and flavonoid contents. Pancreatic lipase inhibition with total phenolic and flavonoid and antioxidant capacity were not significantly correlated.