Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Inhibisi Lipase Pankreas Hasil Fraksinasi Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) secara In Vitro

Abstract

Obesity is an overweight condition that is still a problem around the world. Guava (Psidium guajava) is a plant that has potential as an antiobesity because contain phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant that are thought to prevent obesity through inhibition of pancreatic lipase. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and inhibitory activity of crude extracts and fractions of guava leaves against pancreatic lipase. The method used was extraction by sonication and then fractionation using n-hexane, chlorophom, ethyl acetate, and water. The fractionation results were tested for total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity with DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) methods, and inhibition activity against pancreatic lipase. The results showed that the highest levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity by DPPH method were found in the water fraction. The highest percent inhibition value was in the crude extract and water fraction of 91,04% and 93,45%.

Obesitas merupakan keadaan berat badan berlebih yang masih menjadi masalah yang terus berkembang di seluruh dunia. Jambu biji (Psidium guajava) merupakan tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antiobesitas karena mengandung fenolik, flavonoid, dan antioksidan yang diduga dapat mencegah obesitas melalui penghambatan lipase pankreas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan kapasitas antioksidan, kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total, serta aktivitas inhibisi ekstrak kasar dan fraksi daun jambu biji terhadap lipase pankreas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ekstraksi dengan sonikasi kemudian difraksinasi bertingkat menggunakan n-heksana, klorofom, etil asetat, dan air. Hasil fraksinasi diuji kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total, kapasitas antioksidan dengan motode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) dan FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), serta aktivitas inhibisi terhadap lipase pankreas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar fenolik total, flavonoid total, dan kapasitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH tertinggi ditemukan pada fraksi air. Nilai persen inhibisi terhadap lipase pankreas tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak kasar dan fraksi air sebesar 91,04% dan 93,45%.