Perilaku Harian dan Jenis Pakan Presbytis sumatrana di Area Tambang Emas Martabe, Tapanuli Selatan, Sumatra Utara

Abstract

Presbytis sumatrana (cek-cek) merupakan primata endemik dari Sumatera Utara dan tergolong terancam punah (endangered). P. sumatrana termasuk pemakan daun (folivore) namun juga memakan biji dan buah. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian mengenai P. sumatrana. Oleh karena itu, penelitian terkait perilaku harian dan jenis pakan sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode scan sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku istirahat, bergerak, dan makan sebagai tiga perilaku utama P. sumatrana. Perilaku-perilaku ini berbeda nyata (p < 0,05) pada setiap waktu pengamatan. Jenis kelamin tidak memengaruhi perilaku istirahat dan pakan antropogenik sedangkan strata usia tidak berpengaruh hanya pada perilaku pakan antropogenik. Meskipun banyak memakan buah Artocarpus elasticus (Terap), P. sumatrana juga mengonsumsi nasi sisa manusia. Perilaku P. sumatrana ini harus menjadi perhatian pihak manajemen perusahaan, agar akses mereka ke area tempat sampah dapat dibatasi, sehingga kawasan konservasi yang ada di area tambang dapat terjaga kealamiannya.

Presbytis sumatrana (local: cek-cek) is an endemic primate from North Sumatra, classified as endangered. This folivorous primate also consumes seeds and fruits. To date, no research has been conducted on P. sumatrana, making studies on its daily behaviour and diet critically important. Behavioural observations were carried out using the scan sampling. The diet was concurrently documented. Three primary behaviours were noted: resting, moving, and eating. Significant behavioural variations (p < 0.05) were observed across different times. While significant differences were found in most behaviours when stratified by gender, no such differences were noted in resting behaviour and anthropogenic feeding. Anthropogenic feed is also not affected by age. Although the natural diet predominantly included the fruit of Artocarpus elasticus (Terap), rice being the most consumed anthropogenic food. The primate's consumption of human food waste is concerning; thus, it is recommended that company management restricts their access to waste areas to preserve the natural conservation area within the mining site.