Populasi dan Habitat Elang Ular Bido dan Elang Hitam di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai Jawa barat

Abstract

Berkurangnya populasi Elang Ular Bido dan Elang Hitam disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu menyusutnya habitat alami akibat perambahan hutan, pencemaran lingkungan dan perburuan liar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui populasi dan mengetahui karakteristik habitat Elang Hitam dan Elang Ular Bido di Taman Nasional GunungCiremai, Jawa Barat. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dan dihitung untuk mengetahui populasi, jumlah dan kepadatan, stuktur umur dan sex ratio. Kelimpahan populasi Elang Hitam yaitu 3,5 ± 0,3, sedangkan nilai kelimpahan populasi Elang Ular Bido sebesar 9,5 ± 1,6. Perjumpaan Elang Hitam pada kelas umur dewasa sebesar 57,15% dan remaja 42,85%. Elang Ular Bido pada kelas umur dewasa teramati sebesar 52,63% dan remaja 47,37%. Tidak ditemukan kelas umur juvenil pada kedua jenis elang. Habitat Elang Hitam dijumpai pada jalur hutan Cipari, Resort Bintangot, Bungkit Lambosir dan Buffer Sayana, sedangkan Elang Ular Bido dijumpai pada seluruh jalur kecuali jalur cilengkrang. Penggunaan habitat oleh Elang Hitam dan Elang Ular Bido pada hutan alam didominasi oleh aktivitas terbang dan istirahat.

The decrement of the population of Bido snake eagles and black eagles caused by several factors, namely, shrinking natural habitat due to forest encroachment, environmental pollution, and illegal hunting. This research aims to find out the population and the habitat characteristics of black eagles and bido snake eagles in Mount Ciremai National Park, West Java. The collected data were analyzed and calculated to discover population, number and density, age structure and sex ratio. The abundance of the black eagle population is 3,5 ± 0,3, while the abundance value of the bido snake eagle population is 9,5 ± 1,6. Black eagle encounters in the adult age class were 57,15% and juveniles 42,85%. Bido snake eagles in the adult age class were observed at 52,63% and juveniles at 47,37%. No juvenile age classes were found for either type of eagle. The black eagle's habitat is found on the Cipari forest route, Bintangot Resort, Bungkit Lambosir and Buffer Sayana, while the Bido snake eagle is found on all routes except the Cilengkrang route. Habitat use by black eagles and bido snake eagles in natural forests dominated by flying and resting activities.