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http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/152684
Title: | Regenerasi Tanaman Parica (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) secara Kultur Jaringan |
Authors: | Wulandari, Arum Sekar Tambunan, Ika Roostika Afifah, Rifda |
Issue Date: | 28-May-2024 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Parica merupakan jenis yang berasal Amazon yang memiliki potensi sebagai
kayu industri berupa kayu lapis. Ketersediaan bibit parica menjadi sangat penting
dan tidak bisa hanya bergantung dari benih. Selain dari benih, kebutuhan bibit
parica yang banyak dapat diatasi dengan kultur jaringan. Kultur jaringan merupakan
salah satu teknik perbanyakan tanaman menggunakan prinsip aseptik dengan cara
mengisolasi atau menginisiasi eksplan seperti sel, jaringan, maupun organ di
ruangan yang terkontrol.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis (1) pengaruh lama perendaman benih
parica dalam air terhadap keberhasilan inisiasi parica; (2) pengaruh 2IP terhadap
pertumbuhan tunas parica; serta (3) pengaruh 2,4-D dan kinetin terhadap
pembentukan kalus pada eksplan batang, daun, dan kotiledon parica. Tujuan
penelitian pertama dijawab dengan percobaan pertama, tujuan penelitian kedua
dijawab dengan percobaan kedua, dan tujuan penelitian ketiga dijawab dengan
percobaan ketiga.
Percobaan pertama menginformasikan terkait pengaruh lama perendaman
sebagai perlakuan awal terhadap keberhasilan inisiasi benih parica, khususnya
perkecambahan benih. Perlakuan perendaman 3 jam yang digunakan menghasilkan
daya kecambah benih parica tertinggi (55%) dan berbeda nyata dengan waktu
perendaman lainnya. Daya kecambah benih parica yang tinggi dan tingkat
kontaminasi yang rendah menjadikan perkecambahan parica prospektif untuk
diterapkan.
Percobaan kedua menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 2IP mempengaruhi waktu
pembentukan tunas parica. Tiga jenis tunas yang tumbuh adalah tunas apikal, tunas
aksilar, dan tunas adventif. Pada kultur parica juga ditemukan adanya pertumbuhan
tunas yang disertai dengan pertumbuhan rooty callus. Perlakuan 2IP 2 mg/L
menyebabkan jumlah tunas baru yang terbentuk paling banyak dibandingkan
konsentrasi lainnya. Pertumbuhan tunas parica yang paling tinggi didapatkan pada
konsentrasi 2IP 0,5 mg/L. Secara umum, konsentrasi 2IP berpengaruh terhadap
waktu terbentuknya tunas baru, jumlah tunas baru, dan tinggi tunas.
Percobaan ketiga menunjukkan pembentukan kalus tertinggi diperoleh dari
kombinasi perlakuan 2,4-D 0,5 mg/L dan kinetin 0,5 mg/L. Waktu inisiasi kalus
tercepat diperoleh dari eksplan batang. Eksplan batang dan kotiledon menghasilkan
kalus yang remah dan berwarna kehijauan. Kalus dari eksplan daun mempunyai
tekstur kompak yang berwarna hijau muda dan coklat. Berat kalus tertinggi
diperoleh dari kombinasi perlakuan 1 mg/L 2,4-D dan 1 mg/L kinetin. Secara umum
pembentukan kalus parica dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi perlakuan ZPT 2,4-D dan
kinetin, serta jenis eksplan. Parica is a species originating from Amazon which has potential as industrial wood in the form of plywood. The availability of parica seeds is very important, and it cannot depend on just the seeds. Apart from seeds, the need for large numbers of parica seeds can be overcome with tissue culture. Tissue culture is a type of plant propagation technique using aseptic principles by isolating or initiating explants such as cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled room. This research aimed to analyze the effect of soaking parica seeds in water on the success of parica initiation; the effect of 2IP on parica shoot growth; and the effect of 2,4-D and kinetin on callus formation of stem, leaf and cotyledon parica explants. The first research objective is answered with the first experiment, the second research objective is answered with the second experiment, and the third research objective is answered with the third experiment. The first experiment provided information regarding the effect of soaking time as initial treatment on the success of parica seed initiation, especially seed germination. The 3-hour soaking treatment resulted in the highest germination of parica seeds (55%) and significantly different from the other soaking times. The high germination rate of parica seeds and the low level of their contamination make the in vitro germination of parica is prospective to be applied. The second experiment showed that the concentration of 2IP affected the initiation time of formation of parica shoots formation. There were three types of shoots formation, namely apical, axillary, and adventitious shoots. In parica culture, shoot growth was also found accompanied by rooty callus growth. The treatment of 2mg/L 2IP caused the highest number of new shoots formed compared to other concentrations. The highest parica shoots was obtained from 0,5 mg/L 2IP. The concentration of 2IP generally affected the time to form new shoots, the number of new shoots, and shoot height. The third experiment showed the highest callus formation was obtained from the combined treatment of 0,5 mg/L 2,4-D + 0,5 mg/L kinetin. The fastest callus initiation time was obtained from stem explants. Explant in the form of stems and cotyledons produced friable and greenish calli. The callus from leaf explants had compact textures and showed light green and brown colors. The highest callus weight was obtained from the combined treatment of 1 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L kinetin. In general, parica callus formation was influenced by the combined treatment of PGR 2,4-D and kinetin treatment and the type of explant. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/152684 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Forestry |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cover, Lembar pernyataan, abstrak, Lembar pengesahan, Prakata, dan Daftar Isi,.pdf Restricted Access | Cover | 764.69 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
E4501222011_Rifda Afifah.pdf Restricted Access | Fullteks | 2.37 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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