Karakteristik Papan Partikel Fungsional Sabut Kelapa Dengan Penambahan Arang Aktif Sebagai Penjerap Gelombang Elektromagnetik

Abstract

Particle board is a substitute material that can meet national wood needs. Indonesia, a country with the largest coconut plantations, has abundant coconut coir waste which has not been utilized optimally. As the lignocellulose-containing material, coconut coir can potentially be processed into particle board. Due to technological developments, particle board is not only used for construction but also has additional functions. The objective of the research is to determine the physical and mechanical properties of coconut coir particle board and the effect of adding activated charcoal to partcile board in absorbing electromagnetic wave radiation. Activation of coconut coir-activated charcoal was carried out at a temperature of 750 oC by comparing two activators, namely H3PO4 10% and KOH 10%. The activation process took place for 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The best activated charcoal would be used as a particle board mixture. Particle board was made with three factors, namely particle size, board thickness and amount of adhesive. The particle sizes used were coarse (passed 40 mesh, retain 60 mesh) and fine (passed 60 mesh, retain 80 mesh). The thickness treatment used a thickness of 0.5 and 1 cm while the amount of adhesive used a concentration of 0, 5 and 10%. The board's production used a hot press at a temperature of 170 oC for 20 minutes. Based on physical and mechanical properties testing, the best particle board was produced from the coarse particle size treatment (40 mesh passed, 60 mesh retained), 0.5 cm board thickness and 5% adhesive content. The best activated charcoal was then added to the particle board with the amount of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Based on the physical and mechanical test results, functional particle board does not meet the standards. However, the addition of 15% activated charcoal to the particle board was able to absorb electromagnetic waves by 74.88%. This best adsorption produces a reflection loss value of -12 dB at a frequency of 10.53 GHz.