Studi degradasi mikrobiologi minyak dalam sedimen pantai

Abstract

Research with topic Study of Microbial degradation in coastal sediment had been conducted at Laboratory Microbiology of Oceanography Research Center - Lembaga Ilmu Penelitian Indonesia (P2O-LIPI) Ancol, North Jakarta from March until May 2010. Parameters measured were dissolved oxigen, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, nutrient, and oxidation-reduction potential. Analysis including decreasing of oil weight using gravimetric method, total number of bacterial cells using Acridine Orange Direct Count method, and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria using Most Probable Number method. Parameter differences inter-treatment and inter-time seen by using split plot design. Balongan coastal sediment form very fine sand with grain diameter ranged 150-290 μm are 85,261%, >290 μm are 6,853%, and <150 μm are 7.886%. Quality of media monitored during bioremediation trial were declining, such as dissolved oxigen, pH, and oxidation-reduction potential. Only electrical conductivity shown relatively stable values during 28 days of incubation period. Observation result show that there were slight differences in nitrogen content of fertilizer Osmocote (2,2129 mg/L), Terra (2,2581 mg/L), Dekastar (2,0323 mg/L), and Multi cote (1,8065 mg/L). Phosphat content on treatments too show slight differences, Osmocote (0,9463 mg/L), Terra (0,8811 mg/L), Dekastar (0,8484 mg/L), dan Multi cote (1,0116 mg/L ). Oil degradation rate from 0 day until 28th day on treatment with Osmocote (0,3191 mg/day) show the highest value, followed by Dekastar (0,2732 mg/ day), Terra (0,2717 mg/ day), Multicote (0,2589 mg/ day), control positive (0,1024 mg/ day). Osmocote is the most effective among tested slow release fertilizers for stimulating indigenous hydrocarbonoclastic microbial activity in coastal sediment at Balongan, Indramayu, West Java. Effect of nutrient addition is increasing biomass and bacterial growth rate and increasing crude oil biodegradation rate in polluted sediment.