Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123741
Title: Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Selulolitik dari Hewan Herbivora Endemik Indonesia
Other Titles: Isolation and Characterization of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Endemic Indonesian Herbivores
Authors: Suharti, Sri
Wiryawan, I Komang Gede
Novrariani, Nur
Issue Date: 2023
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Pakan merupakan hal terpenting untuk memenuhi nutrisi dari ternak. Apabila pakan yang diberikan pada ternak berkualitas buruk maka produk yang dihasilkan oleh ternak akan memburuk kualitas dan menurun produksinya. Salah satu cara yang disarankan untuk meningkatkan kecernaan pakan adalah dengan penggunaan mikroba, dalam penelitian ini yaitu bakteri selulolitik. Untuk mendapatkan bakteri selulolitik, maka dilakukan isolasi bakteri selulolitik dari feses hewan herbivora endemik Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk isolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri selulolitik yang berasal dari feses hewan herbivora endemik Indonesia. Karakterisasi tersebut dilakukan melalui pendekatan morfologi, biokimia dan molekuler. Sebelum melakukan isolasi, pengujian kemampuan mikroba feses dalam mencerna pakan serat dilakukan secara in vitro. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk tahap in vitro adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor (sumber hijauan dan sumber inokulum feses) dan lima kelompok berupa proses inkubasi sebagai ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi (P<0,05) antara sumber serat dan feses sumber inokulum terhadap kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO) dan produksi amoniak. Kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, produksi amonia jerami padi lebih rendah dibandingkan rumput gajah. Mikroba dari inokulum feses gajah memiliki kemampuan paling tinggi dalam mencerna bahan kering dan bahan organik, inokulum feses Anoa memiliki produksi amonia tertinggi. Tidak terdapat interaksi (P>0,05) antara sumber serat dan feses sumber inokulum terhadap nilai pH, produksi VFA total, dan populasi bakteri total. Nilai pH, produksi VFA total, dan populasi bakteri total inkubasi in vitro hampir sama antar perlakuan. Mikroba selulolitik dari inokulum feses herbivora endemik tropis memiliki kemampuan dalam degradasi serat dan fermentasi. Isolat-isolat yang diisolasi termasuk dalam kategori bakteri anaerob fakultatif dengan ciri morfologi berupa kokus Gram-positif, mampu mengfermentasi glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa, pati, dan selulosa. Berdasarkan indeks selulolitik, isolat-isolat dari feses anoa dan banteng menunjukkan potensi sebagai bakteri pengurai selulosa. Identifikasi molekuler terhadap isolat-isolat dari feses anoa dan banteng menunjukkan kesamaan dengan Enterococcus faecium dan Enterococcus sp. Secara keseluruhan, mikroba selulolitik dari inokulum feses herbivora endemik Indonesia memiliki kemampuan dalam degradasi serat dan fermentasi.
Feed is the most crucial element in fulfilling the nutritional requirements of livestock. If poor-quality feed is given to the animals, the quality of products produced by the livestock will deteriorate, and their productivity will decrease. One of the suggested methods to improve feed digestibility is by employing microorganisms, specifically cellulolytic bacteria, in this study. To obtain cellulolytic bacteria, isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the feces of indigenous Indonesian herbivorous animals was conducted. The objective of this research was to isolate and characterize cellulolytic bacteria derived from the feces of indigenous Indonesian herbivorous animals. The characterization was performed through morphological, biochemical, and molecular approaches. Prior to the isolation, in vitro testing of the fecal microbial ability to digest fibrous feed was carried out. The experimental design used for the in vitro phase was a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors (forage source and fecal inoculum source) and five groups of incubation processes as replicates. The research results revealed that there was an interaction (P<0.05) between fiber sources and fecal inoculum sources concerning dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and ammonia production. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility, as well as ammonia production from rice straw, were lower compared to elephant grass. Microbes from elephant fecal inoculum demonstrated the highest ability to digest dry matter and organic matter, while the fecal inoculum from Anoa showed the highest ammonia production. There was no interaction (P>0.05) between fiber sources and fecal inoculum sources concerning pH value, total VFA production, and total bacterial population. The pH value, total VFA production, and total bacterial population in in vitro incubation were almost similar among the treatments. Cellulolytic microbes from the fecal inoculum of tropical indigenous herbivores possess the ability for fiber degradation and fermentation. The isolated strains belong to the category of facultative anaerobic bacteria, with a morphological characteristic of Gram-positive cocci, capable of fermenting glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch, and cellulose. Based on the cellulolytic index, isolates from Anoa and banteng feces demonstrated potential as cellulose-degrading bacteria. Molecular identification of isolates from Anoa and banteng feces indicated similarity with Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus sp. In conclusion, cellulolytic microbes from the fecal inoculum of Endemic Indonesian herbivores have the capability for fiber degradation and fermentation
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123741
Appears in Collections:MT - Animal Science

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