Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123736
Title: Karakteristik Buah, Biji, dan Keanekaragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) di KHDTK Rarung
Other Titles: Characteristics of Fruit, Seeds, and Diversity of Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) in KHDTK Rarung
Authors: Mansur, Irdika
Hilwan, Iwan
Utami, Desty Sasana Putri
Issue Date: 11-Aug-2023
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: DESTY SASANA PUTRI UTAMI. Karakteristik Buah, Biji, dan Keanekaragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) di KHDTK Rarung. Dibimbing oleh IRDIKA MANSUR dan IWAN HILWAN. Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) merupakan salah satu keluarga kayu Eboni dan dikenal sebagai kayu identitas Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Tanaman Kelicung memiliki pertumbuhan yang lambat sehingga kurang diminati oleh masyarakat. Penelitian terhadap jenis ini masih terbatas sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap jenis ini agar keberadaannya tetap terjaga. Hubungan simbiosis mutualisme fungi mikoriza arbuskula dengan akar tanaman dapat membantu memperluas daerah serapan unsur hara dan mampu meningkatkan penyerapan unsur fosfor. Selain itu perbanyakan kelicung secara generatif dengan menggunakan biji masih terbatas yang berdampak pada keberadaan kelicung yang mengkhawatirkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman dan populasi FMA pada tegakan kelicung di KHDTK Rarung, mengidentifikasi morfologi buah dan biji kelicung serta teknik pematahan dormasi benih kelicung yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan perkecambahan. Pengambilan sampel tanah dan akar diambil pada kedalaman 0 – 20 cm dibawah pohon kelicung. Isolasi dan identifikasi FMA dengan metode penyaringan dan sentrifugasi untuk mengetahui kepadatan spora, keragaman spora, kelimpahan spora, dan frekuensi spora. Pengamatan morfologi buah dan biji dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan buah kemudian mengamati warna, bentuk, tekstur kulit, dan ukuran. Pematahan dormasi yang diberikan pada beiji kelicung yaitu perendaman dengan air selama 24 jam dan 48 jam, skarifikasi, dan perendaman dengan GA3 selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah spora yang ditemukan adalah 846 spora/50 g tanah. Identifikasi spora ditemukan dua genus yaitu Glomus dan Acaulospora. Glomus memiliki frekuensi relatif 100% dan kelimpahan relatif 87,20%. Pengamatan kolonisasi akar, tidak ditemukan struktur FMA pada akar kelicung. Buah kelicung yang ditemukan memiliki ukuran rata-rata diameter 5-7 cm dengan tinggi 4,5-6,2 cm dan rata-rata berat buah kelicung yaitu 35,42-43,64 g. Biji kelicung yang sudah tua berwarna coklat kehitaman berbentuk bulat oval memipih. Ukuran biji kelicung yang ditemukan memiliki panjang rata-rata 1,7-2,5 cm, lebar 1-1,5 cm dan rata-rata berat satu biji kelicung yaitu 1,3-2 g. Hasil pematahan dormansi dengan persentase perkecambahan tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan perendaman GA3 yang menunjukkan 85% benih berkecambah. Kata kunci: Benih, Diospyros, Kelicung, Mikoriza, Rarung
DESTY SASANA PUTRI UTAMI. Characteristics of Fruit, Seeds, and Diversity of Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) in KHDTK Rarung. Supervised by IRDIKA MANSUR dan IWAN HILWAN. Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) is one of the Ebony wood families and is known as the identity wood of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province. Kelicung plants have slow growth so they are less attractive to the public. Research on this species is still limited, so it is necessary to conduct research on this species so that its existence is maintained. The symbiotic relationship of mutualism of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with plant roots can help expand the area of nutrient absorption and can increase the absorption of phosphorus elements. In addition, the generative propagation of kelicung using seeds is still limited which has an impact on the existence of the kelicung which is worrying. This study aims to identify the diversity and population of AMF in kelicung stands at KHDTK Rarung, identify the morphology of the fruit and seeds of kelicung as well as the proper technique of breaking dormancy of the seeds of kelicung to increase germination ability. Sampling of soil and roots was taken at a depth of 0 – 20 cm under the kelicung tree. Isolation and identification of AMF by screening and centrifugation methods to determine spore density, spore diversity, spore abundance, and spore frequency. Observation of fruit and seed morphology was carried out by collecting fruits and then observing their color, shape, skin texture, and size. The dormancy breaking given to kelicung seeds was soaking in water for 24 hours and 48 hours, scarification, and soaking with GA3 for 24 hours. The results showed that the average number of spores found was 846 spores/50 g of soil. Identification of spores found two genera, namely Glomus and Acaulospora. Glomus has a relative frequency of 100% and a relative abundance of 87.20%. Observing root colonization, no AMF structures were found in kelicung roots. The kelicung fruit found had an average size of 5-7 cm in diameter with a height of 4.5-6.2 cm and the average weight of the kelicung fruit was 35.42-43.64 g. Old kelicung seeds are blackish brown in shape, oval and flattened. The size of the kelicung seeds found has an average length of 1.7-2.5 cm, a width of 1-1.5 cm and an average weight of one kelicung seed is 1.3-2 g. The results of dormancy breaking with the highest percentage of germination were found in the GA3 immersion treatment which showed 85% of the seeds germinated. Keywords: Diospyros, Kelicung, Mycorrhizal, Rarung, Seed
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/123736
Appears in Collections:MT - Forestry

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