Kandungan Logam Berat (Pb, Hg, Cd) Pada Ikan Kerong-Kerong (Terapon jarbua, Forsskål 1775) di Perairan Pulau Bacan

Abstract

Pulau Bacan memiliki potensi perikanan dan pariwisata yang tinggi. Kegiatan pariwisata dan kehidupan masyarakat sekitar berpotensi menjadi penyumbang cemaran logam berat ke lingkungan perairan tersebut. Salah satu potensi perikanan dengan nilai ekonomis penting yang terdapat di pulau ini adalah ikan kerong-kerong yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan baik dalam kondisi segar maupun olahan ikan asin-kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat bioakumulasi logam berat Pb, Hg, dan Cd pada organ hati, insang, dan daging ikan kerong-kerong (Terapon jarbua, Forsskål 1775) di Perairan Pulau Bacan, Maluku Utara. Pengambilan sampel air, pengukuran kualitas air, serta pengambilan organ hati, insang, dan daging pada ikan kerong-kerong dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2022. Berdasarkan hasil anlisis, nilai kandungan logam berat Pb, Hg, dan Cd pada air telah melampaui baku mutu PP RI No. 22 tahun 2021 dan kandungan logam berat Pb pada hati ikan kerong-kerong ditemukan dalam konsentrasi tertinggi. Biokonsentrasi logam berat tergolong akumulasi rendah, kecuali Pb pada organ hati termasuk akumulasi sedang.

Bacan Island has high fishery and tourism potential. Tourism activities and the life of the surrounding community have the potential to contribute to heavy metal contamination in the aquatic environment. One of the fishery potentials with important economic value found on this island is kerong-kerong fish which is widely used as a food ingredient both in fresh condition and processed salt-dried fish. This study aims to analyze the level of bioaccumulation of heavy metals Pb, Hg, and Cd in the liver, gills, and meat of crescent grunter (Terapon jarbua, Forsskål 1775) in Bacan Island waters, North Maluku. Sampling of water, measurement of water quality, as well as harvesting of liver, gills, and meat from crescent grunter was carried out in February 2022. Based on the results of the analysis, the values for the heavy metal content of Pb, Hg and Cd in water exceeded PP RI quality standards No. 22 of 2021 and the content of the heavy metal Pb in the liver of clam fish was found to be in the highest concentration. Bioconcentration of heavy metals is classified as low accumulation, except for Pb in the liver which is classified as moderate accumulation.