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Title: | Teknik Proteksi Probiotik dan Prebiotik Menggunakan Enkapsulasi Terhadap Degradasi Rumen Secara In Vitro |
Authors: | Rahayuningsih, Mulyorini Ridwan, Roni Wafiyyatunnufus |
Issue Date: | 14-Jul-2023 |
Publisher: | IPB University |
Abstract: | Enkapsulasi adalah proses mekanis untuk melapisi zat atau bakteri dengan
beberapa bahan untuk membentuk partikel yang terbungkus atau terlapisi menjadi
berdiameter nanometer hingga milimeter. Berbagai jenis bahan enkapsulasi telah
diterapkan untuk menyelimuti bakteri asam laktat, namun xanthan gum dan tanin
adalah dua bahan enkapsulasi sederhana untuk bio-proteksi bakteri asam laktat
yang terperangkap, karena non-toksisitas, biaya rendah, dan biokompatibilitas.
Pada penelitian ini kultur probiotik bakteri asam laktat diperoleh dari koleksi
Lactiplantabacullus plantarum TSD-10 dan menggunakan target prebiotik hasil
dari hidrolisis pretreatment basa dan asam menggunakan limbah pelepah kelapa
sawit. Pada penelitian ini, inulin digunakan sebagai model prebiotik.
Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui
pengaruh pemberian probiotik dan prebiotik, jenis enkapsulan dengan konsentrasi
berbeda dan pengaruh fermentasi kecernaan terhadap sistem pencernaan dan
ekologi rumen sapi secara in vitro. Pengembangan enkapsulasi probiotik dan
prebiotik ini dibagi kepada tiga matriks yaitu pre-treatment hidrolisis bahan pakan
menggunakan limbah kelapa sawit untuk mendapatkan target prebiotik xilo oligosakarida, target prebiotik terlarut (soluble) dan tidak terlarut (insoluble) dan
juga enkapsulasi probiotik dan prebiotik dalam degradasi rumen secara in vitro.
Tahapan pertama penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan prebiotik dengan metode
alkali, asam dan enzim. Tahap kedua, dilakukan pengujian proksimat bahan pakan.
Tahap ketiga, dilakukan pengujian fraksiserat berupa neutral detergen fiber (NDF)
dan acid detergent fiber (ADF). Tahap keempat, dilakukan pengujian aktivitas
kimia Fourier transform infra red (FT-IR) dan X-Ray difraction (XRD). Tahap
kelima, dilakukan enkapsulasi dengan metode pengeringan dan pengujian
enkapsulasi berupa scanning electron microscope (SEM), uji pertumbuhan bakteri
menggunakan spektrofotometri OD (optical density) dan metode TPC (total plate
count). Tahap terakhir, dilakukan pengujian in vitro dengan parameter pengujian
pH, kecernaan bahan kering dan organik, kinetika gas, CH4 (metana), NH3 dan VFA
parsial menggunakan GC-MS.
Hasil enkapsulasi probiotik dan prebiotik dengan penambahan xanthan gum
2% dan tannin 1, 3, dan 5% efektif dapat digunakan sebagai matriks pada proses
enkapsulasi bakteri probiotik dan dapat menurunkan produksi gas pada waktu 48
jam waktu inkubasi, menurunkan laju kinetika gas dan mampu menurunkan
kecernaan rumen secara in vitro. Namun belum signifikan menurunkan produksi
metana yang signifikan pada setiap perlakuan karena konsentrasi tannin yang
digunakan masih rendah sehingga belum mencapai batas konsentrasi yang cukup
untuk menurunkan kadar metana. Proses enkapsulasi ini dapat diterapkan dalam
proteksi probiotik dan prebiotik dalam degradasi rumen secara in vitro. Encapsulation is a mechanical process to trap substances or bacteria in some materials to form particles of nanometers to millimeters in diameter. Various types of encapsulating materials have been applied to embed lactic acid bacteria, however, xanthan gum and tannin is two of simple encapsulating materials to bio-protect entrapped lactic acid bacteria, due to its non-toxicity, low cost, and biocompatibility. In this study, probiotic cultures of lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the collection of Lactiplantabacullus plantarum TSD-10 and using prebiotic targets, resulting from alkaline and acid pre-treatment hydrolysis using oil palm fronds waste. However, in this study, inulin was used as a prebiotic model. Based on this background, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of giving probiotics and prebiotics, types of encapsulants with different concentrations and the effect of digestible fermentation on the digestive system and rumen ecology of cattle in vitro. The development of probiotic and prebiotic encapsulation is divided into three matrices, namely pre-treatment hydrolysis of feed ingredients using palm oil waste to obtain xylo-oligosaccharide prebiotic targets, soluble and insoluble prebiotic targets and also encapsulation of probiotics and prebiotics in rumen degradation. in vitro. The first stage of this research was the manufacture of prebiotics using alkaline, acid and enzyme methods. The second stage, proximate testing of feed ingredients. The third stage, testing of fiber fractions in the form of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). In the fourth stage, the chemical activity of Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were tested. In the fifth stage, encapsulation was carried out using the drying method and encapsulation testing in the form of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), bacterial growth test using the OD (optical density) spectro and the TPC (total plate count) method in order to determine the growth of probiotics and prebiotics after encapsulation. In the last stage, in vitro testing was carried out with parameterstesting for pH, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, gas kinetics, CH4 (methane), NH3 and partial VFA using GC-MS. The results of encapsulation of probiotics and prebiotics were shown the addition of xanthan gum 2% and tannin 1, 3, and 5% effectively can be used as a matrix in the encapsulation process of probiotic bacteria and can reduce gas production at 48 hours incubation time, reduce the gas kinetics rate and be able to degrade rumen digestibility in vitro. However, it has not significantly reduced methane production for each treatment because the tannin concentration used is still low so it has not reached the concentration limit sufficient to reduce methane levels. This encapsulation process can be applied in probiotic and prebiotic protection in degrading the rumen in vitro. |
URI: | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/122200 |
Appears in Collections: | MT - Multidiciplinary Program |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cover (1).pdf | Cover | 553.18 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Wafiyyatunnufus P051194131 TESIS BTK.pdf Restricted Access | Fulltext | 1.83 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Lampiran.pdf | Lampiran | 767.42 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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