Karakteristik Ultrasonografi Infark Miokardium Jantung Babi dengan Terapi Sel Punca pAEC dan Kardiomiosit

Abstract

Kerusakan miokardium yang disebabkan infark miokardium serta kematian kardiomiosit menyebabkan penurunan fungsi dan kinerja jantung yang dapat dievaluasi dengan ekokardiografi. Terapi sel punca pada jantung merupakan satu metode yang dapat meregenerasikan dan memperbaiki kerusakan kardiomiosit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai karakteristik jantung babi yang mengalami infark miokardium serta mengamati perubahan morfometri dan kinerja jantung yang diterapi sel punca porcine Amniotic Ephitelial Cell (pAEC) dengan dan tanpa kombinasi kardiomiosit melalui ekokardiografi. Hewan model babi (n=15) dilakukan operasi induksi pembuatan infark miokardium (IM). Terapi sel punca diberikan kepada dua kelompok pAEC dan pAEC + kardiomiosit, babi dilakukan perawatan hingga 56 hari kemudian dieutanasia. Ekokardiografi dilakukan sebelum induksi IM untuk mendapatkan nilai normal, satu jam setelah induksi IM dan 56 hari setelah terapi sel punca. Hasil ekokardiografi normal jantung babi untuk parameter detak jantung, left ventricular internal dimension diastole (LVIDd), dan stroke volume menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda antara babi jantan dan betina. Pasca induksi infark miokardium, kelompok pemberian terapi pAEC + kardiomiosit menunjukkan peningkatan kinerja jantung pada variabel nilai rata-rata detak jantung, stroke volume, ejection fraction dan fractional shorthening. Kelompok terapi pAEC tunggal menunjukkan peningkatan hanya pada variabel cardiac output. Terapi sel punca pAEC + kardiomiosit meningkatkan kinerja jantung dengan mendukung promosi sel kadiomiosit jantung.

Myocardial injury caused by myocardial infarction and cardiomyocyte loss leads to depress cardiac function and performance that can be evaluated by echocardiography. Cardiac stem cell therapy is one of the method that can regenerate and repair damaged cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the swine heart that had myocardial infarction and to observe the morphometric changes and cardiac performance treated with porcine Amniotic Ephithelial Cell (pAEC) stem cells with and without cardiomyocyte combination through echocardiography. Swine animal models (n=15) were subjected to surgical induction of myocardial infarction (MI). Stem cell therapy was given to two groups of pAEC and pAEC + cardiomyocytes, swine were treated for up to 56 days and then euthanized. Echocardiography was measured before IM induction to obtain normal echocardiographic values, one hour after IM induction and 56 days after stem cell therapy. Normal echocardiography results of the swine heart for parameters of heart rate, left ventricular internal dimension diastole (LVIDd), and stroke volume showed different results between male and female swine. After myocardial infarction surgery, the pAEC + cardiomyocyte therapy group showed improved cardiac performance in the variables of mean heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction and fractional shortening. The single pAEC therapy group showed improvement only in the variable of cardiac output. PAEC + cardiomyocyte stem cell therapy improves cardiac performance by promoting cardiac cadiomyocyte cells.