Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/120972
Title: Analisis keberlanjutan bioenergi pedesaan: Studi kasus biogas di Desa Kalisari Kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah
Other Titles: Sustainability Analysis of Rural Bioenergy: Case Study of Biogas In Kalisari Village Banyumas Regency Central Java
Authors: Dharmawan, Arya Hadi
Putri, Eka Intan Kumala
Ristianingsih, Desty
Issue Date: 2018
Publisher: IPB University
Abstract: Limbah cair tahu yang diproduksi oleh pengrajin tahu di Desa Kalisari pernah menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan ekologi masyarakat. Pembangunan infrastruktur biogas berbahan baku limbah tahu telah membantu memulihkan kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan ekologi masyarakat Desa Kalisari Kinerja biogas limbah tahu di Desa Kalisari saat ini mulai mengalami penurunan kualitas yang berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutannya. Beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh diantaranya kerusakan pada jaringan dan instalasi biogas, ketidakdisiplinan masyarakat dalam membuang limbah serta kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) mengestimasi biaya dan manfaat dari pengelolaan limbah tahu sebelum dan susudah adanya internalisasi biaya. eksternalitas 2) menganalisis status keberlanjutan biogas limbah tahu pedesaan 3) menganalisis strategi pengembangan biogas limbah tahu pedesaan. Analisis data meliputi estimasi biaya produksi sebelum-sesudah internalisasi biaya eksternalitas dengan metode biaya total, estimasi biaya eksternalitas dengan menggunakan beberapa pendekatan seperti metode biaya pengobatan, metode perubahan produktivitas, biaya pengganti, metode harga pasar, metode IPCC, analisis status keberlanjutan menggunakan metode multidimensional scalling berdasarkan lima dimensi (sosial, ekonomi, ekologi, kelembagaan dan teknologi), analisis strategi pengembangan biogas limbah tahu menggunakan analisis SWOT. Biaya produksi yang diestimasi berguna untuk melihat perubahan presentase biaya produksi sebelum dan sesudah internalisasi biaya eksternalitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan presentase biaya produksi sebelum dan sesudah internalisasi biaya eksternalitas mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.94 persen. Namun kenaikano biaya produksi tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penerimaan dan keuntungan yang didapatkan pengrajin tahu di Desa Kalisari karena kenaikan biaya tersebut diperoleh hanya dari tambahan iuran perawatan biogas sebesar Rp 15 000/bulan. Estimasi biaya eksternalitas meliputi biaya kompensasi terhadap kesehatan yang menurun, biaya kehilangan pendapatan, dan nilai manfaat dari pengolahan limbah tahu di Desa Kalisari mencapai Rp 140 200 000/tahun. Sementara nilai manfaat yang meliputi penerimaan penjualan kerupuk ampas tahu, penjualan ampas tahu, penghematan bahan bakar dan nilai reduksi emisi karbon mencapai Rp 775 621 000/tahun. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan terbuang begitu saja, limbah tahu yang diolah kembali memberikan manfaat signifikan bagi masyarakat.
Tofu liquid waste produced by the tofu craftsmen in Kalisari Village had a negative impact on the social, economic and ecological for community life. The development of infrastructure biogas from tofu waste had helped restore the social, economic and ecological conditions of the community in Kalisari Village. The performance of biogas from tofu waste in Kalisari Village determine the sustainability. Some influential factors include damage the network and the installation of biogas, indiscipline to waste disposal and lack of public participation. The objectives of this research were 1) to estimate the cost and benefits of waste management before and after the internalization of externality costs 2) to analyze the biogas sustainability status of rural biogas from tofu waste 3) to analyze the development strategy of rural biogas from tofu waste. Data analysis includes estimation of production cost before-after internalization of externality cost by total cost method, externality cost estimate using several approaches such as method of medical cost, productivity change method, Teplacement cost, market price method, IPCC method, sustainability status analysis using multidimensional scaling method based on five dimensions (social, economic, ecology, institutional and technology), development strategy of biogas from tofu waste using SWOT analysis. The estimated production cost was useful to see the change in the percentage of production costs before-after the internalization of externality costs. The results showed the percentage of production costs before-after internalization of externality costs increased by 0.94 percent. However, the increase in production cost had no significant effect on the revenue and profit earned by the tofu craftsmen in Kalisari Village because the cost increase was obtained only from the additional biogas treatment fee of Rp 15 000/month. Estimated externality costs include reduced healthcare compensation costs, lost income costs, and the value of benefits from tofu waste treatment in Kalisari Village amounted Rp 140 200 000/year. Besides, the value of benefits that include the revenue from the sales of tofu dregs crackers, the sales of tofu dregs, fuel savings and value of reduction carbon emission amounted Rp 775 621 000/year. It showed that the re-treated tofu provides significant benefits to the community.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/120972
Appears in Collections:MT - Multidiciplinary Program

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