Analisis Daya Saing, Dinamika, dan Dampak Pengetatan Kebijakan Lingkungan terhadap Ekspor Environmental Goods Indonesia

Abstract

Negara-negara anggota OECD dan BRICS mendominasi dalam ekspor produk Core CLEG Indonesia. Namun, pengetatan kebijakan lingkungan menjadi tantangan ekspor produk Core CLEG Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing, dinamika, dan dampak pengetatan kebijakan lingkungan terhadap produk Core CLEG Indonesia ke 13 negara mitra dagang anggota OECD dan BRICS. Metode penelitian ini yaitu RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan regresi data panel. Hasil RCA menunjukkan produk Core CLEG Indonesia belum memiliki daya saing komparatif yang kuat. Hasil EPD menggambarkan posisi pasar rising star. Hasil X-Model menunjukkan pengembangan pasar optimis dan potensial. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan GDP riil negara mitra dagang, indeks pengetatan kebijakan lingkungan negara mitra dagang, jumlah personel research and development, indeks daya saing ekspor, serta FTA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor produk Core CLEG Indonesia. Sementara, GDP riil dan indeks pengetatan kebijakan lingkungan Indonesia tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan.

OECD and BRICS member countries dominated in the export of Indonesia's Core CLEG products. However, the stringency of environmental policies are a challenge for Indonesia's Core CLEG product exports. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness, dynamics, and impact of environmental policies stringency on Indonesia's Core CLEG products to 13 OECD and BRICS trading partner countries. The research methods are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and panel data regression. The RCA results showed that Indonesia's Core CLEG products do not have strong comparative competitiveness. The EPD results described the rising star market position. X-Model results show optimistic and potential market development. The panel data regression results showed that the real GDP of trading partner countries, the environmental policy stringency index of trading partner countries, the number of research and development personnel, RCA, and FTA have a significant effect on the export value of Indonesia's Core CLEG products. Meanwhile, Indonesia's real GDP and environmental policy stringency index do not have a significant effect.